LandscapeDNDC: a process model for simulation of biosphere-atmosphere-hydrosphere exchange processes at site and regional scale
LandscapeDNDC: a process model for simulation of biosphere-atmosphere-hydrosphere exchange processes at site and regional scale
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DOI：
10.1007/s10980-012-9772-x
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发表时间：
2013-04-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haas, Edwin;Klatt, Steffen;Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus
我们提出了一个新的模型系统，这有利于从现场到区域模拟域的生态系统过程的缩放。新的框架LandscapeDNDC部分地基于地球化学站点尺度模型DNDC，继承了一系列关于过程描述、模型结构和数据I/O功能的新特征。LandscapeDNDC包含不同的植被类型和管理系统，用于模拟森林、耕地和草地生态系统中与碳、氮和水相关的生物圈-大气-水圈通量，并允许动态模拟土地利用变化。建模概念将生态系统分为六个子状态（冠层空气化学，小气候，生理，水循环，植被结构和土壤微生态化学），并提供了处理这些子状态的替代模块。该模型可以应用于现场规模，以及三维区域模拟。对于区域应用，LandscapeDNDC在时间上同步向前集成所有网格单元。这允许容易地耦合到其他空间分布的模型（例如水文或大气化学）和有效的双向状态交换。本文介绍了该模型的基本设计思想及其面向对象的软件实现。两个示例应用程序。首先，计算一氧化二氮排放清单从农业土壤萨克森州（德国），包括数据预处理的区域模型输入数据。与使用原始DNDC 9.3版本的方法相比，LandscapeDNDC预处理和模拟的计算工作量可以加快近100倍。计算出的萨克森州的N2 O排放量与LandscapeDNDC（2693吨N2 O-N/a）进行了比较，与原始DNDC模型（2725吨N2 O-N/a），IPCC第一层方法（1107吨N2 O-N/a），德国国家清单报告（等于IPCC第二层，2100吨N2 O-N/a）。第二个例子说明了LandscapeDNDC在景观尺度上构建完全耦合的三维模型系统的能力。因此，我们耦合的土壤地球化学和植物生长计算的水文传输模型，并证明氮的运输沿着一个虚拟的山坡和相关的形成的间接一氧化二氮排放。
We present a new model system, which facilitates scaling of ecosystem processes from the site to regional simulation domains. The new framework LandscapeDNDC-partly based on the biogeochemical site scale model DNDC-inherits a series of new features with regard to process descriptions, model structure and data I/O functionality. LandscapeDNDC incorporates different vegetation types and management systems for simulating carbon, nitrogen and water related biosphere-atmosphere-hydrosphere fluxes in forest, arable and grassland ecosystems and allows the dynamic simulation of land use changes. The modeling concept divides ecosystems into six substates (canopy air chemistry, microclimate, physiology, water cycle, vegetation structure, and soil biogeochemistry) and provides alternative modules dealing with these substates. The model can be applied on the site scale, as well as for three-dimensional regional simulations. For regional applications LandscapeDNDC integrates all grid cells synchronously forward in time. This allows easy coupling to other spatially distributed models (e.g. for hydrology or atmospheric chemistry) and efficient two-way exchange of states. This paper describes the fundamental design concept of the model and its object-oriented software implementation. Two example applications are presented. First, calculation of a nitrous oxide emission inventory from agricultural soils for the State of Saxaony (Germany), including data preprocessing of the regional model input data. The computational effort for the LandscapeDNDC preprocessing and simulation could be speed up by a factor of almost 100 compared to the approach using the original DNDC version 9.3. Calculated N2O emissions for Saxony with LandscapeDNDC (2693 t N2O-N/a) were compared with the original DNDC model (2725 t N2O-N/a), the IPCC Tier I methodology (1107 t N2O-N/a), and the German National Inventory Report (equal to IPCC Tier II, 2100 t N2O-N/a). The second example illustrates the capabilities of LandscapeDNDC for building a fully coupled three-dimensional model system on the landscape scale. Therefore we coupled the biogeochemical and plant growth calculations to a hydrological transport model and demonstrate the transport of nitrogen along a virtual hillslope and associated formation of indirect nitrous oxide emissions.