Calorie restriction or exercise: effects on coronary heart disease risk factors. A randomized, controlled trial
Calorie restriction or exercise: effects on coronary heart disease risk factors. A randomized, controlled trial
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpendo.00102.2007
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Holloszy, John O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fontana, Luigi;Villareal, Dennis T.;Holloszy, John O.
冠心病（CHD）危险因素和CHD的危险性随着肥胖的增加而增加。负能量平衡引起的脂肪减少改善了所有代谢性CHD风险因素。为了确定长期热量限制（CR）引起的脂肪减少或运动引起的能量消耗增加（EX）是否对非肥胖受试者的冠心病危险因素有不同的影响，我们进行了一项为期1年的对照试验，48名非肥胖受试者被随机分为三组：CR组，20%CR饮食组（n = 18）; EX，通过日常锻炼增加20%的能量消耗，但不增加能量摄入（n = 18）;或HL，健康生活方式指南（n = 10）。受试者为29名女性和17名男性，年龄为57 ± 3岁，BMI为27.3 ± 2.0 kg/m（2）。评估包括DEXA测定的全身脂肪、脂蛋白、血压、HOMA-IR、C反应蛋白（CRP）和估计的10年CHD风险评分。CR组、EX组和HL组的体脂分别减少6.3 ± 3.8 kg、5.6 ± 4.4 kg和0.4 ± 1.7 kg，分别相当于基线体脂量减少24.9%、22.3%和1.2%。这些CR和EX诱导的能量不足伴随着大多数主要CHD风险因素的降低，包括血浆LDL-胆固醇、总胆固醇/HDL比值、HOMA-IR指数和CRP浓度，这在两个干预组中相似。本研究的数据提供了证据，证明CR和EX诱导的负能量平衡导致正常体重和超重中年人CHD主要危险因素的实质性和相似的改善。
Coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors and the risk of CHD increase with increased adiposity. Fat loss induced by negative energy balance improves all metabolic CHD risk factors. To determine whether fat loss induced by long-term calorie restriction (CR) or increased energy expenditure induced by exercise (EX) has different effects on CHD risk factors in nonobese subjects, we conducted a 1-yr controlled trial involving 48 nonobese subjects who were randomly assigned to one of three groups: CR, 20% CR diet (n = 18); EX, 20% increase in energy expenditure through daily exercise with no increase in energy intake (n = 18); or HL, healthy lifestyle guidelines (n = 10). Subjects were 29 women and 17 men aged 57 +/- 3 yr, with BMI 27.3 +/- 2.0 kg/m(2). Assessments included total body fat by DEXA, lipoproteins, blood pressure, HOMA-IR, C-reactive protein (CRP), and estimated 10-yr CHD risk score. Body fat decreased by 6.3 +/- 3.8 kg in CR, 5.6 +/- 4.4 kg in EX, and 0.4 +/- 1.7 kg in HL, which corresponded to reductions of 24.9, 22.3, and 1.2% of baseline body fat mass, respectively. These CR- and EX-induced energy deficits were accompanied by reductions in most of the major CHD risk factors, including plasma LDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol/HDL ratio, HOMA-IR index, and CRP concentrations that were similar in the two intervention groups. Data from the present study provide evidence that CR- and EX-induced negative energy balance result in substantial and similar improvements in the major risk factors for CHD in normal-weight and overweight middleaged adults.