SOCIAL REGULATION OF THE BRAIN PITUITARY-GONADAL AXIS
SOCIAL REGULATION OF THE BRAIN PITUITARY-GONADAL AXIS
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.90.16.7794
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发表时间：
1993-08-15
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
FERNALD, RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FRANCIS, RC;SOMA, K;FERNALD, RD
脊椎动物的生殖由下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴通过神经和激素反馈调节。这个轴心也受到外部影响，特别是社会信号。在非洲慈鲷鱼Haplochromis burtoni中，雄性的性腺发育受到社会调节。一小部分的男性，这是鲜艳的，保持领土和积极主导不显眼的有色nonterritorial男性。在这里，我们通过操纵的社会和内分泌环境，社会地位和性腺状态的变化伴随着索马大小的变化，在一个人口的促性腺激素释放激素的神经元在腹侧前脑。在领域男性，这些细胞显着大于非领域男性。当动物通过社会环境的变化从领地性转变为非领地性时，这些细胞会缩小;在从非领地性转变为领地性的动物中，这些细胞会扩大。这些含促性腺激素释放激素的细胞投射到垂体，并最终负责调节性腺生长。这种社会诱导的细胞大小变化机制为神经内分泌系统提供了相对快速的适应性变化，而无需神经细胞增加或死亡。由于这种调节轴的结构在所有脊椎动物中是保守的，因此具有社会调节生殖生理的其他物种可能表现出类似形式的生理调节。
Reproduction in vertebrates is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis via neural and hormonal feedback. This axis is also subject to exogenous influences, particularly social signals. In the African cichlid fish Haplochromis burtoni, gonadal development in males is socially regulated. A small fraction of the males, which are brightly colored, maintain territories and aggressively dominate inconspicuously colored nonterritorial males. Here we show through manipulation of the social and endocrine environment that changes in social status and gonadal state are accompanied by soma size changes in a population of gonadotropin-releasing hormone-containing neurons in the ventral forebrain. In territorial males, these cells are significantly larger than in nonterritorial males. When an animal switches from being territorial to nonterritorial through a change in social situation, these cells shrink; in animals that change from nonterritorial to territorial status, the cells enlarge. These gonadotropin-releasing hormone-containing cells project to the pituitary and are ultimately responsible for regulating gonadal growth. This mechanism of socially induced cell size change provides the potential for relatively quick adaptive changes in the neuroendocrine system without nerve cell addition or death. Since the structure of this regulatory axis is conserved among all vertebrates, other species with socially modulated reproductive physiology may exhibit a similar form of physiological regulation.