Triclosan Exposure Is Associated with Rapid Restructuring of the Microbiome in Adult Zebrafish.
Triclosan Exposure Is Associated with Rapid Restructuring of the Microbiome in Adult Zebrafish.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0154632
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sharpton TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gaulke CA;Barton CL;Proffitt S;Tanguay RL;Sharpton TJ
越来越多的证据表明，破坏包括肠道的微生物群落（称为肠道微生物组）可能会导致疾病的发展或严重程度。因此，识别导致微生物组破坏的因子非常重要。虽然动物经常暴露于各种各样的环境化学物质，但人们对它们对肠道微生物组稳定性和结构的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们展示了如何利用斑马鱼来深入了解环境化学品暴露对肠道微生物组的结构和生态动力学的影响。具体来说，我们将45只成年斑马鱼暴露于三氯生食物中4天或7天，或对照饮食，并使用16S rRNA扩增子测序分析其微生物群落。三氯生暴露与微生物组结构和多样性的快速变化有关。我们发现证据表明，与肠杆菌科相关的几个操作分类单位（OTU）似乎对三氯生暴露敏感，而与假单胞菌属相关的OTU似乎对暴露更具弹性和抗性。我们还发现，三氯生暴露与微生物相互作用网络的拓扑结构改变有关，并导致这些网络中每种微生物的负面相互作用数量总体增加。这些数据共同表明，三氯生暴露导致肠道微生物群落的组成和生态动力学发生变化。我们的工作表明，由于斑马鱼能够快速且廉价地询问大量个体，因此它是发现肠道微生物组与环境化学物质相互作用的有用实验系统。
Growing evidence indicates that disrupting the microbial community that comprises the intestinal tract, known as the gut microbiome, can contribute to the development or severity of disease. As a result, it is important to discern the agents responsible for microbiome disruption. While animals are frequently exposed to a diverse array of environmental chemicals, little is known about their effects on gut microbiome stability and structure. Here, we demonstrate how zebrafish can be used to glean insight into the effects of environmental chemical exposure on the structure and ecological dynamics of the gut microbiome. Specifically, we exposed forty-five adult zebrafish to triclosan-laden food for four or seven days or a control diet, and analyzed their microbial communities using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Triclosan exposure was associated with rapid shifts in microbiome structure and diversity. We find evidence that several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) associated with the family Enterobacteriaceae appear to be susceptible to triclosan exposure, while OTUs associated with the genus Pseudomonas appeared to be more resilient and resistant to exposure. We also found that triclosan exposure is associated with topological alterations to microbial interaction networks and results in an overall increase in the number of negative interactions per microbe in these networks. Together these data indicate that triclosan exposure results in altered composition and ecological dynamics of microbial communities in the gut. Our work demonstrates that because zebrafish afford rapid and inexpensive interrogation of a large number of individuals, it is a useful experimental system for the discovery of the gut microbiome’s interaction with environmental chemicals.