3-D image measurement of the sea for disaster prevention
3-D image measurement of the sea for disaster prevention
复制标题
海洋 3D 图像测量用于防灾
DOI：
10.1007/s10015-018-0427-0
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Kazuhiro Tsujino and Cunwei Lu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hao Yi;Kazuhiro Tsujino and Cunwei Lu
为了减少灾害造成的生命损失，我们建立了台风和海啸预警系统。该系统旨在监测20公里外的海平面变化。它可以在海啸到达海岸前20分钟发出警报。目前，全球定位系统浮标和观测网络被用来预测海啸。然而，GPS浮标不利于监测大范围的海洋。观测网存在着安装成本高、维护困难等缺点。本文基于三维图像测量技术，构建了一套用于防灾减灾的远距离海平面高度测量系统。首先，为了监视大范围的海面，该系统利用摇摄和倾斜台以及角度传感器来旋转摄像机。为了提高远距离三维图像测量的精度，提出了一种基于标尺杆的摄像机系统远距离标定方法。此外，所有的设备都可以放在一个地方，所以维护非常方便。实验中，提出了分块动态阈值法自动提取波形，并在两幅远距离图像中采用波形特征矩阵匹配的方法。最后，将波高的平均值作为海平面高度。作为实际应用结果，将实测结果与日本气象厅（JMA）的资料进行了比较。
To reduce the loss of human life in disasters, we have developed an early warning system for typhoons and tsunamis. The system is designed to monitor the change of the sea level from a distance of 20 km. And it can alert a coming tsunami 20 min before reaching the coast. Now, GPS Buoys and observation networks are used to forecast tsunami. However, the GPS buoys are not conducive to monitoring wide ranges of the sea. The observation networks have the disadvantages of high installation costs and difficult maintenance. In this paper, a measurement system of long distance sea level height for disaster prevention has been constructed based on a 3-D image measurement technique. First, to monitor a wide range of the sea surface, this system utilizes the pan and tilt stages and angle sensors to rotate the cameras. To improve the accuracy of long distance 3-D image measurement, a long-distance calibration method of camera system has been proposed based on the scale poles. In addition, all the equipment can be put in one place so it is very convenient to maintain. In this experiment, a dynamic threshold method is proposed in blocks to extract the waves automatically, accompanied by a wave feature matrix matching method in two long-distance images. Finally, the average value of wave height is used as the height of sea level. As a practical use result, a comparison has been made between the measurement results and the data of Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA).