Trehalases A neglected carbon metabolism regulator?
Trehalases A neglected carbon metabolism regulator?
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DOI：
10.4161/psb.24778
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Sanchez, Federico
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barraza, Aaron;Sanchez, Federico
海藻糖酶是降解非还原性二糖海藻糖的酶。海藻糖酶基因组学揭示了三个主要分支，包括来自细菌、植物和动物的海藻糖酶，以及来自真菌的海藻糖酶。对几种推测的海藻糖酶结构与细菌海藻糖酶晶体结构的比较分析表明，尽管在序列水平上存在显著差异，但这些酶的结构是高度保守的。这些结果表明，细菌来源的海藻糖酶，而不是真核生物的起源，如前所述。海藻糖酶的结构分析表明，它们包含6个离散的基序，这是每个系统发育组的特征，这表明一个积极的进化选择压力的结构保守性。有趣的是，海藻糖酶参与多种调节功能：在对病原体的反应（植物-病原体相互作用）;在共生相互作用（豆科植物-根瘤菌）中调节细菌活力;植物中的碳分配;调节几丁质生物合成，以及昆虫血淋巴中飞行的能量供应。总之，海藻糖酶似乎具有原核起源，并且在碳代谢和对细胞生理的其他多样性调节作用中发挥积极作用。
Trehalases are enzymes that carry out the degradation of the non-reducing disaccharide trehalose. Trehalase phylogeny unveiled three major branches comprising those from bacteria; plant and animals; and those from fungal origin. Comparative analysis between several deduced trehalase structures and the crystallographic structure of bacterial trehalase indicated that these enzyme's structures are highly conserved in spite of the marked differences found at the sequence level. These results suggest a bacterial origin for the trehalases in contrast to an eukaryotic origin, as previously proposed. Trehalases structural analysis showed that they contain six discrete motifs which are characteristic of each phylogenetic group, suggesting a positive evolutionary selection pressure for the structural conservation. Interestingly, trehalases are involved in multiple regulatory functions: In the response against pathogens (plant-pathogen interactions); the regulation of bacterial viability in symbiotic interactions (legume-Rhizobium); carbon partitioning in plants; regulating chitin biosynthesis, as well as energy supply in the hemolymph for flight, in insects. In summary, trehalases seem to have a prokaryotic origin and play an active role in carbon metabolism and other diverse regulatory effects on cell physiology.