GENDER-ROLE STEREOTYPES, EXPECTANCY EFFECTS, AND PARENTS SOCIALIZATION OF GENDER DIFFERENCES
GENDER-ROLE STEREOTYPES, EXPECTANCY EFFECTS, AND PARENTS SOCIALIZATION OF GENDER DIFFERENCES
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1540-4560.1990.tb01929.x
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发表时间：
1990-06-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
HAROLD, RD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ECCLES, JS;JACOBS, JE;HAROLD, RD
在许多活动和职业领域，性别隔离仍然存在。本文从期望效应的角度分析了父母在影响子女从事性别角色定型活动中所扮演的角色。它概述了这种影响的理论基础，并讨论了如何区分准确性和知觉偏见的父母的性别角色的差异，他们的孩子的能力和兴趣的看法。然后总结了一系列研究的结果，这些研究表明，父母在数学和体育等性别角色刻板印象活动中扭曲了他们对自己孩子的感知，孩子的性别影响了父母对孩子在性别角色刻板印象活动中表现的因果归因，这些感知偏见影响了孩子自己的自我感知和活动选择。最后，本文提出了一个理论模型，这些过程可能会发生。
Gender segregation continues to exist in many activity and occupational domains. This article uses the expectancy effect perspective to analyze the role parents may play in influencing their children to engage in gender role stereotyped activities. It outlines the theoretical bases for such effects, and discusses how to distinguish between accuracy and perceptual bias in parents' gender role differentiated perceptions of their children's competencies and interests. Then it summarizes the results of a series of studies, which show that parents distort their perceptions of their own children in gender role stereotypic activities such as math and sports, that the child's gender affects parents' causal attributions for their children's performance in gender role stereotypic activities, and that these perceptual biases influence the children's own self‐perceptions and activity choices. Finally, the article presents a theoretical model of how these processes may occur.