Chromosome-specific organization of human alpha satellite DNA.
Chromosome-specific organization of human alpha satellite DNA.
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人类 α 卫星 DNA 的染色体特异性组织。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Willard Hf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Willard Hf
人类基因组DNA的限制性内切酶分析先前揭示了由规则间隔的酶识别位点定义的几个突出的重复DNA家族。这些家族之一，称为α卫星DNA，最初被鉴定为串联重复的340或680碱基对（bp）的EcoRI片段，与人类染色体的着丝粒区域杂交。我们已经调查了分子组织的α卫星DNA在个人的人类染色体上的过滤杂交和原位杂交分析的人类DNA和DNA从啮齿动物/人类体细胞杂交，每个只包含一个单一的人类染色体。我们使用克隆的340 bp EcoRI α卫星片段和克隆的α卫星含有2.0-内切酶对（kbp）BamHI片段从人X染色体的近着丝粒区作为探针。在每个体细胞杂交DNA中，两种探针与在总人类基因组DNA中检测到的DNA片段的不同子集杂交。因此，在每个人类染色体上的α卫星DNA检查-X和Y染色体和常染色体3，4和21-是组织在一个特定的和有限数量的分子域。这些数据表明，在单个染色体上的α卫星DNA的子集彼此不同，无论是在限制性内切酶的周期性和相对于它们的序列相关性的程度。结果表明，一些，也许是许多，人类染色体的特点是在其着丝粒的α卫星DNA的特定组织，在适当的实验条件下，克隆的α卫星亚家族的代表可能作为一类新的染色体特异性DNA标记。
Restriction endonuclease analysis of human genomic DNA has previously revealed several prominent repeated DNA families defined by regularly spaced enzyme recognition sites. One of these families, termed alpha satellite DNA, was originally identified as tandemly repeated 340- or 680-base pair (bp) EcoRI fragments that hybridize to the centromeric regions of human chromosomes. We have investigated the molecular organization of alpha satellite DNA on individual human chromosomes by filter hybridization and in situ hybridization analysis of human DNA and DNA from rodent/human somatic cell hybrids, each containing only a single human chromosome. We used as probes a cloned 340-bp EcoRI alpha satellite fragment and a cloned alpha satellite-containing 2.0-kilobase pair (kbp) BamHI fragment from the pericentromeric region of the human X chromosome. In each somatic cell hybrid DNA, the two probes hybridized to a distinct subset of DNA fragments detected in total human genomic DNA. Thus, alpha satellite DNA on each of the human chromosomes examined--the X and Y chromosomes and autosomes 3, 4, and 21--is organized in a specific and limited number of molecular domains. The data indicate that subsets of alpha satellite DNA on individual chromosomes differ from one another, both with respect to restriction enzyme periodicities and with respect to their degree of sequence relatedness. The results suggest that some, and perhaps many, human chromosomes are characterized by a specific organization of alpha satellite DNA at their centromeres and that, under appropriate experimental conditions, cloned representatives of alpha satellite subfamilies may serve as a new class of chromosome-specific DNA markers.