What's the catch? Archaeological application of rapid collagen-based species identification for Pacific Salmon
What's the catch? Archaeological application of rapid collagen-based species identification for Pacific Salmon
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jas.2020.105116
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发表时间：
2020-04
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
K. Richter;K. McGrath;Edouard Masson-MacLean;S. Hickinbotham;A. Tedder;K. Britton;Z. Bottomley;K. Dobney;A. Hulme-Beaman;M. Zona;R. Fischer;M. Collins;C. Speller
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文献类型：
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作者：
K. Richter;K. McGrath;Edouard Masson-MacLean;S. Hickinbotham;A. Tedder;K. Britton;Z. Bottomley;K. Dobney;A. Hulme-Beaman;M. Zona;R. Fischer;M. Collins;C. Speller
太平洋鲑鱼（Oncorhynchus spp.）是北美西北海岸沿着生态和文化的关键物种，在该地区的考古遗址中无处不在。然而，无法从形态学上确定鲑鱼的颅后遗骸的物种，可以限制我们对不同类群在过去土著群体的季节性生存实践中所发挥的生态和文化作用的理解。在这里，我们提出了一种快速，具有成本效益的ZooMS方法来区分鲑鱼物种的胶原蛋白肽质量指纹图谱的基础上。使用现代参考材料和28个DNA鉴定的鲑鱼骨骼的预接触Yup'ik网站的Nunalleq，阿拉斯加西部的组合，我们采用高分辨率质谱（LC-MS/MS），以确定一系列潜在的胶原蛋白肽标记，以区分太平洋鲑鱼。然后，我们确认这些肽标记物与盲ZooMS分析（MALDI-TOF-MS）的考古遗迹。我们成功地区分五种溯河产卵鲑鱼与这种ZooMS方法，包括一个标本，不能通过古代DNA分析确定。我们的生物分子鉴定的chum（43%），sockeye（21%），chinook（18%），coho（11%）和粉红色（7%），确认开发所有五个可用的鲑鱼物种在Nunalleq。
Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) are ecological and cultural keystone species along the Northwest Coast of North America and are ubiquitous in archaeological sites of the region. The inability to morphologically identify salmonid post-cranial remains to species, however, can limit our understanding of the ecological and cultural role different taxa played in the seasonal subsistence practices of Indigenous groups in the past. Here, we present a rapid, cost-effective ZooMS method to distinguish salmonid species based on collagen peptide mass-fingerprinting. Using modern reference material and an assemblage of 28 DNA-identified salmonid bones from the pre-contact Yup'ik site of Nunalleq, Western Alaska, we apply high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to identify a series of potential collagen peptide markers to distinguish Pacific salmon. We then confirm these peptide markers with a blind ZooMS analysis (MALDI-TOF-MS) of the archaeological remains. We successfully distinguish five species of anadromous salmon with this ZooMS approach, including one specimen that could not be identified through ancient DNA analysis. Our biomolecular identification of chum (43%), sockeye (21%), chinook (18%), coho (11%) and pink (7%), confirm the exploitation of all five available species of salmonid at Nunalleq.