Dietary fructose reduces circulating insulin and leptin, attenuates postprandial suppression of ghrelin, and increases triglycerides in women
Dietary fructose reduces circulating insulin and leptin, attenuates postprandial suppression of ghrelin, and increases triglycerides in women
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DOI：
10.1210/jc.2003-031855
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发表时间：
2004-06-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Havel, PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Teff, KL;Elliott, SS;Havel, PJ
先前的研究表明，瘦素的分泌受到胰岛素介导的葡萄糖代谢的调节。由于果糖与葡萄糖不同，不会刺激胰岛素分泌，因此我们假设富含果糖的膳食会导致瘦素浓度低于含有相同量葡萄糖的膳食。在 24 小时内，每 30 - 60 分钟从 12 名正常体重女性身上采集血样，在随机的 2 天中进行，在此期间，受试者食用的三餐分别含有总卡路里的 55%、30% 和 15% 作为碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质，其中 30% 的卡路里为果糖甜味 [高果糖 (HFr)] 或葡萄糖甜味 [高葡萄糖 (HGl)]饮料。两种治疗中的膳食是等热量的。服用 HFr 期间，餐后血糖波动降低了 66 +/- 12%，胰岛素反应降低了 65 +/- 5%（均 P < 0.001）。与 HGl 日相比，HFr 日的瘦素曲线下面积 (- 33 +/- 7%；P < 0.005)、整个 24 小时 (- 21 +/- 8%；P < 0.02) 和日间振幅峰值 - 最低点 (24 +/- 6%；P < 0.0025) 均减少。此外，摄入每顿 HGl 餐后 1-2 小时，促食欲胃肠激素 ghrelin 的循环水平被抑制约 30%（P < 0.01），但餐后 ghrelin 的抑制在 HFr 餐后明显不那么明显（与 HGl 相比，P < 0.05）。与 HG1 日相比，HFr 餐的消耗导致血浆甘油三酯快速且持续升高（P < 0.005）。由于胰岛素和瘦素，可能还有生长素释放肽，在能量平衡的长期调节中充当中枢神经系统的关键信号，因此，如本研究所示，循环胰岛素和瘦素的减少以及生长素释放肽浓度的增加，可能导致热量摄入增加，并最终在长期食用高果糖饮食期间导致体重增加和肥胖。
Previous studies indicate that leptin secretion is regulated by insulin-mediated glucose metabolism. Because fructose, unlike glucose, does not stimulate insulin secretion, we hypothesized that meals high in fructose would result in lower leptin concentrations than meals containing the same amount of glucose. Blood samples were collected every 30 - 60 min for 24 h from 12 normal-weight women on 2 randomized days during which the subjects consumed three meals containing 55, 30, and 15% of total kilocalories as carbohydrate, fat, and protein, respectively, with 30% of kilocalories as either a fructose-sweetened [ high fructose (HFr)] or glucose-sweetened [ high glucose (HGl)] beverage. Meals were isocaloric in the two treatments. Postprandial glycemic excursions were reduced by 66 +/- 12%, and insulin responses were 65 +/- 5% lower ( both P < 0.001) during HFr consumption. The area under the curve for leptin during the first 12 h ( - 33 +/- 7%; P < 0.005), the entire 24 h ( - 21 +/- 8%; P < 0.02), and the diurnal amplitude peak - nadir) ( 24 +/- 6%; P < 0.0025) were reduced on the HFr day compared with the HGl day. In addition, circulating levels of the orexigenic gastroenteric hormone, ghrelin, were suppressed by approximately 30% 1 - 2 h after ingestion of each HGl meal ( P < 0.01), but postprandial suppression of ghrelin was significantly less pronounced after HFr meals ( P< 0.05 vs. HGl). Consumption of HFr meals produced a rapid and prolonged elevation of plasma triglycerides compared with the HGl day ( P < 0.005). Because insulin and leptin, and possibly ghrelin, function as key signals to the central nervous system in the long-term regulation of energy balance, decreases of circulating insulin and leptin and increased ghrelin concentrations, as demonstrated in this study, could lead to increased caloric intake and ultimately contribute to weight gain and obesity during chronic consumption of diets high in fructose.