Processes of memory loss, recovery, and distortion
Processes of memory loss, recovery, and distortion
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DOI：
10.1037/0033-295x.104.1.148
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Estes, WK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Estes, WK
作者提出，许多形式的记忆扭曲，包括在连续测试中经常观察到的对学习经验的回忆的渐进式变化，是由于在某些情况下产生真实回忆和在其他情况下记忆丧失和恢复的相同过程。在解释记忆的所有这些方面的框架中，作者假设学习经验的对象和事件在其感知属性的痕迹中并行编码，这是识别的基础，在学习期间或之后对事件的反应痕迹中并行编码，这是回忆的基础。在这两种类型的痕迹中，记忆属性值在保留间隔内的随机扰动是记忆丢失和扭曲的普遍原因。
The author proposes that many forms of memory distortion, including the progressive changes in recollection of a learning experience often observed over successive tests, are due to the same processes that yield veridical recollection in some circumstances and memory loss and recovery in others. In a framework for interpreting all of these aspects of memory, the author assumes that the objects and events of a learning experience are encoded in parallel in traces of their perceptual attributes, which are basic to recognition, and in traces of reactions made to the events during or following learning, which are basic to recall. Random perturbation of remembered attribute values in both types of traces over retention intervals is a pervasive cause of both loss and distortions of memory.