Equilibrium Sampling of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants in Sediments
Equilibrium Sampling of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants in Sediments
复制标题
沉积物中疏水性有机污染物的平衡采样
DOI：
10.1007/7653_2019_39
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Schäfer S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Witt G;Bachtin J;Schäfer S.
被动采样器是评估污染物暴露和评估其潜在的不利环境影响的有用的新工具。被动平衡采样器能够量化沉积物中有机污染物的自由溶解浓度（Cfree），Cfree能够直接评估（1）沉积物与上覆水之间的污染物交换和平衡状况，（2）底栖生物累积性，以及（3）对底栖生物的潜在毒性。因此，平衡采样器的使用提高了沉积物的命运和运输过程的机械理解。平衡采样器可用于水生环境中受污染沉积物的危害和风险评估及管理。本章的目的是为受疏水有机污染物污染的沉积物的被动平衡采样器的使用提供介绍性指导，其中推荐了三种不同的方法：（1）涂有硅树脂的玻璃罐，（2）可用于现场取样沉积物的固相微萃取纤维，以及（3）SPME纤维，当它们被安装在埋在沉积物中的保护外壳中时，它们可以直接暴露在现场（原位）。阅读本章后，用户将对平衡被动采样器及其在沉积物中的潜在应用有基本的了解。
Passive samplers are useful novel tools for assessing contaminant exposure and evaluating its potential for adverse environmental effects. Passive equilibrium samplers enable the quantification of freely dissolved concentrations (Cfree) of organic contaminants in sediments.Cfreeallows a direct assessment of (1) contaminant exchange and equilibrium status between sediment and overlying water, (2) benthic bioaccumulation, and (3) potential toxicity to benthic organisms. Thus, the use of equilibrium samplers improves the mechanistic understanding of fate and transport processes in sediments. Equilibrium samplers can be applied for hazard and risk assessment and management of contaminated sediments of aquatic environments.The objective of this chapter is to provide introductory guidance on the use of passive equilibrium samplers for sediments contaminated with hydrophobic organic contaminants, whereby three different approaches are recommended: (1) silicone-coated glass jars, (2) SPME fibers that can be used ex situ with sediments that had been sampled in the field, and (3) SPME fibers that can be exposed directly in the field (in situ) when they are installed in a protective housing that is buried in the sediment. After reading this chapter, users will have a fundamental understanding of equilibrium passive samplers and their potential applications to sediments.
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作者：
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