Systematic Regional Variations of GABA, Glutamine, and Glutamate Concentrations Follow Receptor Fingerprints of Human Cingulate Cortex
Systematic Regional Variations of GABA, Glutamine, and Glutamate Concentrations Follow Receptor Fingerprints of Human Cingulate Cortex
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1758-13.2013
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发表时间：
2013-07-31
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Walter, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dou, Weiqiang;Palomero-Gallagher, Nicola;Walter, Martin
磁共振波谱（MRS）的前扣带皮层（ACC）的γ-氨基丁酸能或γ-氨基丁酸能的措施被发现改变精神疾病和预测个体间的差异，在健康人群中的功能反应。几个ACC亚区已被包裹成受体结构不同的部分与异质性指纹兴奋性和抑制性受体。类似地，这些子区域与功能上不同的区域重叠，显示出朝向刺激或静息条件的相反信号变化。因此，我们调查是否受体的结构和功能分离的扣带皮层在人类也反映在其本地浓度的谷氨酸（Glu），谷氨酰胺（Gln），和GABA。为了在一个稳健可靠的会话中完成所有三种代谢物的多区域估计，我们使用了具有可变速率选择性激发脉冲的优化的7 T刺激回波采集模式方法。我们的研究结果表明，确保高数据重测信度，四个扣带亚区辨别，前中扣带皮层的膝前ACC（pgACC）表现出不同的代谢物浓度和比率，反映了区域特异性抑制/兴奋平衡。这些发现可以控制局部灰质变化或MRS体素放置偏差的潜在影响。被发现有显着较高的GABA和Glu浓度比其他地区的前ACC。这种模式并没有被谷氨酰胺浓度，绝对值和相对值都显示了最高值的pgACC的rostrocaudal梯度。pgACC中兴奋性Glu和抑制性GABA的增加显示出区域分离，与最近显示的ACC中受体-结构性GABA（B）受体分布一致，而Gln分布遵循AMPA受体的模式。
Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of glutamatergic or GABAergic measures in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was found altered in psychiatric disorders and predictive of interindividual variations of functional responses in healthy populations. Several ACC subregions have been parcellated into receptor-architectonically different portions with heterogeneous fingerprints for excitatory and inhibitory receptors. Similarly, these subregions overlap with functionally distinct regions showing opposed signal changes toward stimulation or resting conditions. We therefore investigated whether receptor-architectonical and functional segregation of the cingulate cortex in humans was also reflected in its local concentrations of glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), and GABA. To accomplish a multiregion estimation of all three metabolites in one robust and reliable session, we used an optimized 7T-stimulated echo-acquisition mode method with variable-rate selective excitation pulses. Our results demonstrated that, ensuring high data retest reliability, four cingulate subregions discerning e.g., pregenual ACC (pgACC) from anterior mid-cingulate cortex showed different metabolite concentrations and ratios reflective of regionally specific inhibition/excitation balance. These findings could be controlled for potential influences of local gray matter variations or MRS voxel-placement deviations. Pregenual ACC was found to have significantly higher GABA and Glu concentrations than other regions. This pattern was not paralleled by Gln concentrations, which for both absolute and relative values showed a rostrocaudal gradient with highest values in pgACC. Increased excitatory Glu and inhibitory GABA in pgACC were shown to follow a regional segregation agreeing with recently shown receptor-architectonic GABA(B) receptor distribution in ACC, whereas Gln distribution followed a pattern of AMPA receptors.