Application of dedifferentiated fat cells for periodontal tissue regeneration
Application of dedifferentiated fat cells for periodontal tissue regeneration
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DOI：
10.1007/s13577-013-0075-6
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Sato, Soh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sugawara, Atsunori;Sato, Soh
牙周疾病是由牙菌斑细菌感染引起的炎症引起的，导致牙齿脱落。然而，通过引导组织再生和牙釉质基质衍生物进行牙周组织再生的再生方法尚未建立。组织再生需要三个因素：细胞、支架和生长因子。去分化脂肪细胞（DFAT）具有多能性，具有与间充质干细胞（MSC）相同的分化能力。间充质干细胞的获取是有限的，而 DFAT 的供体细胞在脂肪组织中丰富，并且可以非侵入性地获得。因此，我们通过使用从表达绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）的 Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠中分离的 DFAT 将 DFAT 移植到去端肽胶原支架上，在大鼠实验性牙周组织损失模型中测试 DFAT 作为牙周组织再生的新来源。将GFP-DFAT细胞移植到SD大鼠左上第一磨牙腭侧，通过H&E染色、GFP和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）表达进行检测。还在三维培养物中评估了 DFAT 分化。移植后4周，DFATs/支架混合物在再生组织中检测到GFP阳性细胞，并且DFATs/支架组沿新骨的牙周膜中PCNA阳性细胞显着增加，多于仅支架组，表明DFATs以与MSCs相同的方式分化并在缺陷区域再生。与之前的报道一致，DFAT 的分化速度比干细胞慢。本研究表明，DFAT 具有多能性，是牙周组织再生的有效新细胞来源。
Periodontal diseases result from inflammation by bacterial infection in plaques, leading to tooth loss. However, regenerative approaches with periodontal tissue regeneration by guided tissue regeneration and enamel matrix derivative are not yet well established. Tissue regeneration requires three factors: cells, scaffold, and growth factors. Dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs) are pluripotent with the same differentiation capacities as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Access to MSCs is limited, whereas donor cells for DFATs are abundant in adipose tissues and can be non-invasively obtained. Therefore, we tested DFATs as a new source for periodontal tissue regeneration in an experimental periodontal tissue loss model in rats by transplanting DFATs on an atelocollagen scaffold using DFATs isolated from Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP). GFP-DFAT cells were transplanted on the palatal side of the upper left first molar in SD rats and detected by H&E staining, GFP, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression. DFAT differentiation was also evaluated in three-dimensional cultures. GFP positive cells were detected in the regenerated tissue by the DFATs/scaffold mixture at 4 weeks after transplantation, and PCNA-positive cells were significantly increased in the periodontal ligament along the new bone in the DFATs/scaffold group more than in the scaffold-only group, suggesting that DFATs differentiate in the same manner as MSCs and regenerate in the defective areas. Consistent with previous reports, DFATs differentiation was slower than that with stem cells. The present study demonstrates that DFATs are pluripotent and an effective new source of cells for periodontal tissue regeneration.