Eggshell thickness in marine birds in the New York Bight--1970s to 1990s.
Eggshell thickness in marine birds in the New York Bight--1970s to 1990s.
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纽约湾海鸟的蛋壳厚度——20 世纪 70 年代至 90 年代。
DOI：
10.1007/bf00212969
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发表时间：
1995
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Gochfeld,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burger,J;Viscido,K;Gochfeld,M
保持蛋壳厚度对鸟类来说是至关重要的，因为蛋壳薄会导致孵化期间破裂，随后孵化失败。从20世纪60年代开始，蛋壳厚度已被用作暴露于氯化烃杀虫剂的生物标志物，作为鸟类种群健康的衡量标准，并作为潜在繁殖失败的预测指标。本研究收集了20世纪70年代初、80年代初和90年代初在纽约湾（Cedar Beach， NY至Barnegat Bay， NJ）筑巢的4种沿海鸟类的蛋，并测量了蛋壳厚度。我们测试了一个假设，即从20世纪70年代到90年代，减少使用氯化碳氢化合物，以及随后在纽约湾食物网中这些污染物水平的降低，应该导致蛋壳厚度增加。蛋壳厚度的大部分变化可以用年代和种来解释。蛋壳厚度从20世纪70年代初（或某些物种的80年代）到90年代初都有所增加：普通燕鸥（Sterna hirundo），玫瑰燕鸥(S。最小项(S。和黑掠食鱼（黑掠食鱼）。从20世纪70年代到90年代，普通燕鸥和黑食鸥的蛋壳厚度增加了近50%，而最小的物种，最小的燕鸥，蛋壳厚度只增加了12%。在20世纪90年代，蛋最小的最小燕鸥的蛋壳最薄，蛋较大的黑撇蛋的蛋壳最厚。
Maintaining eggshell thickness is critical for birds, as thin eggshells result in breakage during incubation, with subsequent hatching failure. Beginning in the 1960s, eggshell thickness has been used as a biomarker of exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides, as a measure of avian population health, and as a predictor of potential reproductive failures. In this study, eggs were collected from four coastal bird species nesting in the New York Bight (Cedar Beach, NY to Barnegat Bay, NJ) in the early 1970s, early 1980s, and early 1990s, and eggshell thickness was measured. We tested the hypothesis that decreasing use of chlorinated hydrocarbons, and subsequent decreased levels of these pollutants in the New York Bight estuarine food web, should have resulted in increased eggshell thickness from the 1970s to the 1990s. Most of the variation in eggshell thickness was explained by decade and species. Eggshell thickness increased from the early 1970s (or the 1980s for some species) to the early 1990s for all four species examined: common tern(Sterna hirundo), Roseate tern(S. dougallii), least tern(S. antillarum), and black skimmer(Rynchops niger). For common terns and black skimmers, eggshell thickness increased by nearly 50% from the 1970s to the 1990s, whereas in the smallest species, the least tern, eggshell thickness increased only by 12%. In the 1990s, least terns with the smallest eggs had the thinnest eggshells, and black skimmers with larger eggs had the thickest eggshells.