Mental health of prisoners: prevalence, adverse outcomes, and interventions.
Mental health of prisoners: prevalence, adverse outcomes, and interventions.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30142-0
复制
发表时间：
2016-09
影响因子：
64.3
通讯作者：
Trestman, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fazel, Seena;Hayes, Adrian J.;Bartellas, Katrina;Clerici, Massimo;Trestman, Robert
全世界有1 000多万囚犯，所有调查的精神障碍的患病率都高于一般人群的比较。虽然监狱增加精神疾病发病率的程度尚不确定，但有相当多的证据表明，精神疾病的识别和治疗率很低。囚犯全因死亡、自杀、自残、暴力和受害的风险也在增加，研究概述了一些可改变的风险因素。囚犯精神疾病的高质量治疗试验有限。尽管如此，试验表明，阿片类药物替代治疗减少了药物滥用复发和可能的重新犯罪。监狱中的妇女和老年人的心理健康需要是不同的，应当制定国家政策来满足这些需要。临床，研究和政策建议，以改善监狱精神卫生保健。应每年调查各国为执行这些建议所作的努力。
There are more than 10 million prisoners worldwide, and the prevalence of all investigated mental disorders is higher than general population comparisons. Although the extent to which prison increases the incidence of mental disorders is uncertain, there is considerable evidence of low rates of identification and treatment of psychiatric disorders. Prisoners are also at increased risk of all-cause mortality, suicide, self-harm, violence, and victimization, and research has outlined some modifiable risk factors. High quality treatment trials for psychiatric disorders in prisoners have been limited. Despite this, it has been shown in trials that opiate substitution treatments reduce substance misuse relapse and possibly reoffending. The mental health needs of women and older adults in prison are distinct, and national policies should be developed to meet these. Clinical, research, and policy recommendations to improve prison mental healthcare are presented. National attempts to meet these recommendations should be annually surveyed.