Challenges and approaches of single-crystal Ni-rich layered cathodes in lithium batteries.
Challenges and approaches of single-crystal Ni-rich layered cathodes in lithium batteries.
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DOI：
10.1093/nsr/nwad252
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发表时间：
2023-12
影响因子：
20.6
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
高能量密度和高安全性在锂电池中互不相容，这对当今的储能和电源应用提出了挑战。富镍层状过渡金属氧化物（NMC）已被确定为下一代电动汽车的主要阴极候选者，并在过去二十年中得到了广泛的研究，导致其市场份额快速增长，包括多晶和单晶NMC阴极。单晶NMC似乎上级多晶NMC，特别是在低Ni含量（≤60%）下。然而，富Ni单晶NMC阴极经历比多晶NMC阴极更快的容量衰减，使得它们不适合于实际应用。因此，这项工作将系统地回顾单晶NMCs的衰减机制，并对有价值的研究途径产生新的见解。这一观点将为富镍单晶NMC阴极的发展提供方向。将单晶富Ni NMC阴极用于高能量密度锂电池在性能和安全性方面提出了重大挑战，但存在足够的空间来解决这些问题。
High energy density and high safety are incompatible with each other in a lithium battery, which challenges today's energy storage and power applications. Ni-rich layered transition metal oxides (NMCs) have been identified as the primary cathode candidate for powering next-generation electric vehicles and have been extensively studied in the last two decades, leading to the fast growth of their market share, including both polycrystalline and single-crystal NMC cathodes. Single-crystal NMCs appear to be superior to polycrystalline NMCs, especially at low Ni content (≤60%). However, Ni-rich single-crystal NMC cathodes experience even faster capacity decay than polycrystalline NMC cathodes, rendering them unsuitable for practical application. Accordingly, this work will systematically review the attenuation mechanism of single-crystal NMCs and generate fresh insights into valuable research pathways. This perspective will provide a direction for the development of Ni-rich single-crystal NMC cathodes. Utilization of single-crystal Ni-rich NMC cathodes for high energy density lithium batteries poses significant challenges in terms of performances and safety, yet there exists ample room to address the concerns.
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