Cancer Immunotherapy
Cancer Immunotherapy
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DOI：
10.1089/cbr.2010.0902
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Dillman, Robert O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dillman, Robert O.
癌症免疫治疗包括改变宿主免疫系统的方法，和/或利用免疫系统的成分作为癌症治疗。在过去的25年里，17种免疫产品获得了监管部门的批准，这些产品的抗癌活性是作为单一药物和/或与化疗联合使用的。这些包括非特异性免疫刺激剂卡介苗和左旋咪唑；细胞因子干扰素-a和白介素2；单抗利妥昔单抗、atumumab、alemtuzumab、曲妥珠单抗、贝伐单抗、西妥昔单抗和panitumab；放射性标记抗体Y-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan和I-131 tositumomab；免疫毒素denileukin diftitox和getuzumab ozogamicin；捐赠者淋巴细胞输注的非清髓性同种异体移植；基于前列腺癌细胞的治疗Puleucel-T。除了两种以外，所有这些产品仍然经常用于治疗各种B细胞和T细胞恶性肿瘤，以及许多实体肿瘤，包括乳房、肺、结直肠、前列腺、黑色素瘤、肾脏、胶质母细胞瘤、膀胱和头颈部。最近有报道称，针对淋巴瘤的独特型疫苗和针对黑色素瘤的多肽疫苗都进行了阳性随机试验。基于黑色素瘤的随机试验，抗CTLA-4的单抗ipilumumab可以阻断调节性T细胞，有望在不久的将来获得监管部门的批准。作为癌症治疗的第四种方式，生物治疗/免疫治疗是抗癌医疗机构中日益重要的组成部分。
Cancer immunotherapy consists of approaches that modify the host immune system, and/or the utilization of components of the immune system, as cancer treatment. During the past 25 years, 17 immunologic products have received regulatory approval based on anticancer activity as single agents and/or in combination with chemotherapy. These include the nonspecific immune stimulants BCG and levamisole; the cytokines interferon-a and interleukin-2; the monoclonal antibodies rituximab, ofatumumab, alemtuzumab, trastuzumab, bevacizumab, cetuximab, and panitumumab; the radiolabeled antibodies Y-90 ibritumomab tiuxetan and I-131 tositumomab; the immunotoxins denileukin diftitox and gemtuzumab ozogamicin; nonmyeloablative allogeneic transplants with donor lymphocyte infusions; and the anti-prostate cancer cell-based therapy sipuleucel-T. All but two of these products are still regularly used to treat various B-and T-cell malignancies, and numerous solid tumors, including breast, lung, colorectal, prostate, melanoma, kidney, glioblastoma, bladder, and head and neck. Positive randomized trials have recently been reported for idiotype vaccines in lymphoma and a peptide vaccine in melanoma. The anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody ipilumumab, which blocks regulatory T-cells, is expected to receive regulatory approval in the near future, based on a randomized trial in melanoma. As the fourth modality of cancer treatment, biotherapy/immunotherapy is an increasingly important component of the anticancer armamentarium.