Early Stages of Plant Succession Following Forest Fires
Early Stages of Plant Succession Following Forest Fires
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森林火灾后植物演替的早期阶段
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通讯作者：
A. Skutch
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作者：
A. Skutch
虽然森林学家和植物生态学家对火灾破坏的森林的再生以及火灾引起的林分组成的变化进行了大量的研究，但显然很少有人详细研究被烧毁森林地区重新植被的最初阶段，特别是关于先驱隐花植物植被的研究。在过去的五年里，我一直对缅因州不同地区的几次烧伤感兴趣，并能够研究牙买加蓝山峰热带山峰上一次烧伤的影响。不幸的是，我没有能够从一个季节到另一个季节连续跟踪这些火灾席卷地区的任何一个的重新植被，但我有足够数量的观察，以清楚地区分继承中的某些显着特征，其中有一个显着的协议之间的几个领域的问题。令人惊讶的是，最近在热带一座7,000英尺高的山峰上发生的一次烧伤中，相同或非常接近的物种占主导地位，就像新英格兰海平面附近的烧伤中最丰富的物种一样。在许多相距甚远的地区，苔类地钱被多毛藓类及其伴生的盾叶地衣所取代似乎是一种常见的顺序，我在本文中要强调的正是这种分布广泛但显然很少被认识到的演替。
Although foresters and plant ecologists have devoted considerable study to the regeneration of fire devastated forests and to the changes which fires cause in the composition of the forest stand, apparently few people have studied in detail the earliest stages in the revegetation of burnt forest areas, especially with regard to the pioneer cryptogamic vegetation. During the past five years, I have been interested in several burns in different portions of Maine, and have been able to study the effects of a single burn at the summit of a tropical mountain, Blue Mountain Peak in Jamaica. Unfortunately, I have not been in a position to follow continuously from season to season the revegetation of any one of these fire swept areas, but I have nmiade a sufficient number of observations to distinguish clearly certain salient features in the succession, in which there is a marked agreement between the several areas in question. It was surprising to find that the same, or very closely related, species dominated a recent burn on the summit of a mountain 7,000 feet high in the tropics, as were most abundant on burns near sea level in New England. The displacement of the pioneer liverwort Marchantia by the moss Polytrichum with its associated lichen Peltiqera seems to be a common sequence in many widely separated regions, and it is this widespread but apparently little recognized succession which I desire to emphasize in the present paper.