Metabolites of organophosphorous insecticides in urine specimens from inhabitants of a residential area
Metabolites of organophosphorous insecticides in urine specimens from inhabitants of a residential area
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DOI：
10.1006/enrs.2001.4237
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Angerer, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heudorf, U;Angerer, J
在美国家庭、学校和日托中心最常用的杀虫剂是毒死蜱。1997年，在德国美因河畔法兰克福的前美军住宅区的家庭灰尘中发现了这种杀虫剂，这是由于在1993年以前使用这种杀虫剂，即，至少四年前这引起了新居民的极大关注。为了调查他们体内接触该物质的情况，他们有机会参加生物监测检查。在地板上玩耍的儿童被认为是特别危险的，因为通过口服或皮肤摄入增加了毒死蜱的接触。共有1 146名居民参加了这项自愿调查。所有人都表示，他们从未在家中使用过毒死蜱。现场尿样的研究参与者进行了分析的六种代谢产物的有机磷杀虫剂[二甲基磷酸盐（DTP），二乙基磷酸盐（DEP），二甲基硫代磷酸盐（DMTP），二乙基硫代磷酸盐（DETP），二甲基二硫代磷酸盐（DMDTP），二乙基二硫代磷酸盐（DEDTP）]使用一个非常敏感的气相色谱法与质量选择性检测和检测限为1 μ g/L。没有证据表明，在这些家庭中，无论是儿童还是成人，由于以前使用毒死蜱（>4年前），体内接触量增加。484名成年人的尿代谢物浓度的中位数和第95位数为（mug/g肌酐）：DMTP，15.5和102.5; DMDTP，13.5和125.8; DMDTP，
The most frequently used pesticide in U.S. homes, as well as in schools and day care centers, is chlorpyrifos. In 1997, this insecticide was detected in household dust from the former U.S. Forces housing estates in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, resulting from its earlier use up to 1993, i.e., at least 4 years ago. This led to great concern in the new inhabitants. To investigate their internal exposure to the substance, they were offered the opportunity of taking part in biomonitoring examinations. Children playing on the floor were assumed to be especially at risk due to increased exposure to chlorpyrifos via oral or dermal intake. A total of 1146 inhabitants took part in this voluntary investigation. All of them stated that they had never used chlorpyrifos in their homes. Spot urine samples of the study participants were analyzed for six metabolites of organophosphorous insecticides [dimethylphosphate (DMP), diethylphosphate (DEP), dimethyl-thiophosphate (DMTP), diethylthiophosphate (DETP), dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP), and diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP)] using a very sensitive gas chromatographic method with mass-selective detection and a limit of detection of 1 mug/L. No evidence was found of increased internal exposure due to former chlorpyrifos application in these homes (>4 years ago), either in children or in adults. The median values and 95th percentiles of the urinary metabolite concentrations in 484 adults were (mug/g creatinine): DMP, 15.5 and 102.5; DMTP, 13.5 and 125.8; DMDTP,