High‐definition frequency decomposition
High‐definition frequency decomposition
复制标题
高清频率分解
DOI：
10.1111/1365-2478.12642
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
P. Szafián
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Eckersley;J. Lowell;P. Szafián
谱分解是地震资料分析和解释中广泛使用的一种技术。根据测不准原理，地震信号的时频联合分辨率存在一个下限。最高的时间分辨率是通过匹配的追求方法，它使用的函数（原子）的字典波形。这种方法，在其纯数学形式可以导致原子的形状和相位没有关系的地震道。本文提出的高清频率分解算法交织了原子匹配和优化的迭代。它将地震道分成由包络线谷描绘的独立部分，并同时将原子与所有峰匹配。重叠原子的协同优化确保它们之间的干扰效应最小化。最后，执行第二原子匹配和优化阶段，以最小化原始迹线和重构迹线之间的差异。完全重建的迹线可用作基于频率的重建和红-绿-蓝颜色混合的输入。与原始匹配追踪频率分解的结果的比较表明，基于颜色混合的高清晰度频率分解提供了非常高的时间分辨率，即使在地震数据的低能量部分中，也能够精确分析地质特征的几何变化。
Spectral decomposition is a widely used technique in analysis and interpretation of seismic data. According to the uncertainty principle, there exists a lower bound for the joint time–frequency resolution of seismic signals. The highest temporal resolution is achieved by a matching pursuit approach which uses waveforms from a dictionary of functions (atoms). This method, in its pure mathematical form can result in atoms whose shape and phase have no relation to the seismic trace. The high‐definition frequency decomposition algorithm presented in this paper interleaves iterations of atom matching and optimization. It divides the seismic trace into independent sections delineated by envelope troughs, and simultaneously matches atoms to all peaks. Co‐optimization of overlapping atoms ensures that the effects of interference between them are minimized. Finally, a second atom matching and optimization phase is performed in order to minimize the difference between the original and the reconstructed trace. The fully reconstructed traces can be used as inputs for a frequency‐based reconstruction and red–green–blue colour blending. Comparison with the results of the original matching pursuit frequency decomposition illustrates that high‐definition frequency decomposition based colour blends provide a very high temporal resolution, even in the low‐energy parts of the seismic data, enabling a precise analysis of geometrical variations of geological features.