In Vivo Multivesicular Body and Exosome Secretion in the Intestinal Epithelial Cells of Turtles During Hibernation
In Vivo Multivesicular Body and Exosome Secretion in the Intestinal Epithelial Cells of Turtles During Hibernation
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冬眠期间海龟肠上皮细胞的体内多泡体和外泌体分泌
DOI：
10.1017/s1431927619015071
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Qiusheng Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Waseem Ali Vistro;Yufei Huang;Xuebing Bai;Ping Yang;Abdul Haseeb;Hong Chen;Yifei Liu;Zhang Yue;Imran Tarique;Qiusheng Chen
摘要研究了甲鱼肠道富线粒体细胞(MRCs)、杯状细胞(GCs)和吸收细胞(ACS)在冬眠过程中多囊泡小体(MVB)和外体的生物学过程。分化簇63(CD63)和肿瘤易感基因101(TSG101)这两个外体标记在甲鱼冬眠期间的肠道绒毛中呈阳性表达。透射电子显微镜进一步证实了甲鱼MVB和外切体的分布和形成过程。冬眠时，大量分泌的早期内小体(Es)定位于MRC和ACS的管腔和基底质，晚期Es散在分布于MRC和ASCs的核上部。在MRC和ACS的细胞质中发现了许多“异质性”的MVB。有趣的是，在冬眠期间，EES、LES和MVB在GCs的细胞质中被检测到；然而，在非冬眠期间，它们是不存在的。此外，在MRC、GCs和ACS中，在冬眠过程中还观察到外体和自噬空泡的胞吐途径。此外，在冬眠期间，MRC、GCs和ACS中具有腔内小泡(ILV)的不同MVB和异质内体-MVB-外体复合体的数量显著增加。所有这些发现表明，在冬眠期间，肠上皮细胞可能在MVB和Exosome的分泌中发挥作用，MVB和Exosome是粘膜免疫所必需的。
Abstract The present study was designed to investigate the in vivo biological processes of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and exosomes in mitochondria-rich cells (MRCs), goblet cells (GCs), and absorptive cells (ACs) in turtle intestines during hibernation. The exosome markers, cluster of differentiation 63 (CD63) and tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101), were positively expressed in intestinal villi during turtle hibernation. The distribution and formation processes of MVBs and exosomes in turtle MRCs, GCs, and ACs were further confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. During hibernation, abundantly secreted early endosomes (ees) were localized in the luminal and basal cytoplasm of the MRCs and ACs, and late endosomes (les) were dispersed with the supranuclear parts of the MRCs and ACs. Many “heterogeneous” MVBs were identified throughout the cytoplasm of the MRCs and ACs. Interestingly, the ees, les, and MVBs were detected in the cytoplasm of the GCs during hibernation; however, they were absent during nonhibernation. Furthermore, the exocytosis pathways of exosomes and autophagic vacuoles were observed in the MRCs, GCs, and ACs during hibernation. In addition, the number of different MVBs with intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) and heterogeneous endosome–MVB–exosome complexes was significantly increased in the MRCs, GCs, and ACs during hibernation. All these findings indicate that intestinal epithelial cells potentially perform a role in the secretion of MVBs and exosomes, which are essential for mucosal immunity, during hibernation.