45.5-tesla direct-current magnetic field generated with a high-temperature superconducting magnet
45.5-tesla direct-current magnetic field generated with a high-temperature superconducting magnet
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-019-1293-1
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发表时间：
2019-06-27
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Larbalestier, David C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hahn, Seungyong;Kim, Kwanglok;Larbalestier, David C.
强磁场在许多领域都需要，例如医学（磁共振成像），制药（核磁共振），粒子加速器（如大型强子对撞机）和聚变装置（例如国际热核实验反应堆，ITER），以及其他各种科学和工业用途。近二十年来，45特斯拉一直是最高可实现的直流（d.c.）磁场;然而，这种场需要在11.4特斯拉的低温超导体线圈（1）内使用31兆瓦、33.6特斯拉的电阻磁体，并且这种高功率电阻磁体在全世界只有少数设施（2）中可用。相比之下，超导磁体由于其低功率要求而被广泛使用。在这里，我们报告了一个高温超导线圈，它在31.1特斯拉的电阻性背景磁铁内产生14.4特斯拉的磁场，从而获得45.5特斯拉的直流磁场据我们所知，这是迄今为止获得的最高磁场。该磁体使用在30微米厚的衬底（3）上涂覆有REBCO（REBa 2Cu 3 Ox，其中RE = Y，Gd）的导体带，使得线圈高度紧凑并且能够在每平方毫米1，260安培的非常高的绕组电流密度下操作。在这样的电流密度下操作是可能的，这仅仅是因为磁体在没有绝缘体（4）的情况下缠绕，这允许从超导到正常状态（5-10）的快速和安全的淬火。45.5特斯拉的测试磁体通过实现两倍于低温超导磁体产生的磁场来验证高场氧化铜超导磁体的预测。
Strong magnetic fields are required in many fields, such as medicine (magnetic resonance imaging), pharmacy (nuclear magnetic resonance), particle accelerators (such as the Large Hadron Collider) and fusion devices (for example, the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, ITER), as well as for other diverse scientific and industrial uses. For almost two decades, 45 tesla has been the highest achievable direct-current (d.c.) magnetic field; however, such a field requires the use of a 31-megawatt, 33.6-tesla resistive magnet inside 11.4-tesla low-temperature superconductor coils(1), and such high-power resistive magnets are available in only a few facilities worldwide(2). By contrast, superconducting magnets are widespread owing to their low power requirements. Here we report a high-temperature superconductor coil that generates a magnetic field of 14.4 tesla inside a 31.1-tesla resistive background magnet to obtain a d.c. magnetic field of 45.5 tesla-the highest field achieved so far, to our knowledge. The magnet uses a conductor tape coated with REBCO (REBa2Cu3Ox, where RE = Y, Gd) on a 30-micrometre-thick substrate(3), making the coil highly compact and capable of operating at the very high winding current density of 1,260 amperes per square millimetre. Operation at such a current density is possible only because the magnet is wound without insulation(4), which allows rapid and safe quenching from the superconducting to the normal state(5-10). The 45.5-tesla test magnet validates predictions11 for high-field copper oxide superconductor magnets by achieving a field twice as high as those generated by low-temperature superconducting magnets.