Challenges to Educating the Next Generation of Wildland Fire Professionals in the United States
Challenges to Educating the Next Generation of Wildland Fire Professionals in the United States
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美国教育下一代荒地消防专业人员面临的挑战
DOI：
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Morgan Varner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Kobziar;Monique Rocca;C. Dicus;C. Hoffman;N. Sugihara;A. Thode;J. Morgan Varner;P. Morgan;Morgan Varner
在过去的20年里，美国消防专业人员的职责已经变得更加复杂和风险，因为燃料负荷的积累，气候变化，以及越来越多的荒地-城市界面。将火灾使用和生态原则纳入消防管理政策进一步扩大了消防专业人员所需的专业知识和知识范围。然而，培养这些专业人员的教育和培训系统在组织一种更新和协调的方法来培养未来的从业人员方面进展缓慢。因此，有抱负的消防专业人员面临着众多的挑战，有关调度冲突，有限的高等教育课程在消防科学，消防培训和高等教育实体之间缺乏协调，并获得教育和培训的整体困难，而不牺牲经验。在这里，我们将通过潜在的解决方案来应对这些和其他挑战，并概述实施这些解决方案的第一步。我们将专业消防准备的必要方面组织成一个具有代表性的模型：由教育，培训和经验组成的消防专业发展三角形。对于每一个方面，我们建议雇主，教育工作者和非政府组织可以做出的改变，以提供一个更精简的机制，为美国下一代的野火专业人员做好准备。
Over the last 20 years, the duties of US fire professionals have become more complex and risk laden because of fuel load accumulation, climate change, and the increasing wildland-urban interface. Incorporation of fire use and ecological principles into fire management policies has further expanded the range of expertise and knowledge required of fire professionals. The educational and training systems that produce these professionals, however, have been slow to organize an updated and coordinated approach to preparing future practitioners. Consequently, aspiring fire professionals face numerous challenges related to scheduling conflicts, limited higher education programs in fire science, lack of coordination between fire training and higher education entities, and the overall difficulty of obtaining education and training without sacrificing experience. Here, we address these and other challenges with potential solutions and outline the first steps toward their implementation. We organize the necessary aspects of professional fire preparation into a representative model: a fire professional development triangle comprised of education, training, and experience. For each of these aspects, we suggest changes that can be made by employers, educators, and nongovernmental organizations to provide a more streamlined mechanism for preparing the next generation of wildland fire professionals in the United States.