Autonomous Cars: Research Results, Issues, and Future Challenges
Autonomous Cars: Research Results, Issues, and Future Challenges
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DOI：
10.1109/comst.2018.2869360
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
35.6
通讯作者：
Zeadally, Sherali
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hussain, Rasheed;Zeadally, Sherali
在上个世纪，汽车工业在制造可靠、安全和经济的汽车方面取得了显著的里程碑。由于计算和通信技术的重大进展，自动汽车正在成为现实。自动驾驶汽车原型已经在试驾中行驶了数百万英里。领先的技术公司和汽车制造商在自动驾驶汽车技术上投入了惊人的资源，为自动驾驶汽车在未来几年的全面商业化做准备。然而，为了实现这一目标，仍然存在一些技术和非技术问题：软件复杂性，实时数据分析，测试和验证是更大的技术挑战;消费者激励，保险管理和伦理/道德问题在非技术问题中排名靠前。应对这些挑战需要周到的解决方案，以满足消费者，行业和政府的要求，法规和政策。因此，在这里，我们对自动驾驶汽车技术的最新成果进行了全面回顾。我们讨论了当前阻碍自动汽车大规模开发和部署的问题。我们还强调了将使消费者和许多其他行业受益的自动驾驶汽车应用。最后，为了实现具有成本效益，安全和高效的自动驾驶汽车，我们讨论了设计师，实施者，政策制定者，监管机构和汽车制造商必须解决的几个挑战（并提供有用的建议）。
Throughout the last century, the automobile industry achieved remarkable milestones in manufacturing reliable, safe, and affordable vehicles. Because of significant recent advances in computation and communication technologies, autonomous cars arc becoming a reality. Already autonomous car prototype models have covered millions of miles in test driving. Leading technical companies and car manufacturers have invested a staggering amount of resources in autonomous car technology, as they prepare for autonomous cars' full commercialization in the coming years. However, to achieve this goal, several technical and nontechnical issues remain: software complexity, real-time data analytics, and testing and verification are among the greater technical challenges; and consumer stimulation, insurance management, and ethical/moral concerns rank high among the nontechnical issues. Tackling these challenges requires thoughtful solutions that satisfy consumers, industry, and governmental requirements, regulations, and policies. Thus, here we present a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art results for autonomous car technology. We discuss current issues that hinder autonomous cars' development and deployment on a large scale. We also highlight autonomous car applications that will benefit consumers and many other sectors. Finally, to enable cost-effective, safe, and efficient autonomous cars, we discuss several challenges that must be addressed (and provide helpful suggestions for adoption) by designers, implementers, policymakers, regulatory organizations, and car manufacturers.