Rapid recovery of depleted abalone in Isla Natividad, Baja California, Mexico
Rapid recovery of depleted abalone in Isla Natividad, Baja California, Mexico
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墨西哥下加利福尼亚州纳蒂维达岛枯竭的鲍鱼快速恢复
DOI：
10.1002/ecs2.4002
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Woodson, C. Brock
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith, Alexandra;Aguilar, Juan Domingo;Boch, Charles;De Leo, Giulio;Hernández‐Velasco, Arturo;Houck, Stephanie;Martinez, Ramón;Monismith, Stephen;Torre, Jorge;Woodson, C. Brock
在过去的几十年里，由于过度捕捞、疾病暴发和气候脆弱性，全球许多沿海海洋生态系统的许多海洋无脊椎动物经历了急剧下降。尽管进行了广泛的保护和恢复工作，但成功恢复人口的证据很少。在这项工作中，我们记录了2009-2010年粉鲍和绿鲍(Haliotis Rurugataand Haliotis Fulgen)的大规模死亡事件，以及在当地渔业合作社继续执行和监测两个自愿禁捕保护区(2006年至今)和墨西哥下加利福尼亚州南部Isla Nativida附近为期6年的休渔(2012-2017)后，它们随后的快速恢复。从2019年收获的鲍鱼收集的年龄数据表明，在大规模死亡后丰度最低的年份，鲍鱼的数量一直保持不变。观察到的6至8年的恢复时间框架与以前的模拟研究中提出的情景一致，在这些情景中，海洋保护区和其他旨在保护大型产卵者的措施预测了鲍鱼种群迅速恢复的潜力。这一案例研究支持了一系列复原力战略的有效性，其中包括将气候避难所和海洋保护区结合起来，遵守保守的年度捕捞配额，休渔，限制最小尺寸，以及生态监测。重要的是，这个例子展示了渔民、资源管理者、科学家和非政府组织(NGO)之间的密切合作对于设计、实施和学习养护和管理干预措施以扭转海洋人口和生态系统衰退的重要性，加强了皮特·彼得森博士将生态学与海洋管理和恢复充分结合的毕生工作的遗产。
In the last decades, many marine invertebrates have experienced dramatic declines throughout many coastal marine ecosystems worldwide due to overfishing, disease outbreaks, and climate vulnerability. Despite extensive conservation and restoration effort, evidence of successful population recovery is rare. In this work, we document mass mortality events of pink and green abalone (Haliotis corrugataandHaliotis fulgens) in 2009–2010, and their subsequent rapid recovery following the continued enforcement and monitoring of two voluntary no‐take reserves by the local fishing cooperative (2006–present) and a 6‐year fishing closure (2012–2017) around Isla Natividad, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Age data collected from harvested abalone in 2019 suggest recruitment was maintained throughout the years when abundance was lowest following mass mortalities. The observed 6 to 8‐year time frame for recovery is consistent with scenarios presented in previous modeling studies, where marine reserves and other measures aimed at protecting large spawners predicted the potential for rapid recovery of abalone populations. This case study supports the effectiveness of a portfolio of resilience strategies, which include combining climate refugia and marine reserves, adherence to conservative annual fishing quotas, fishing closures, minimum size limitations, and ecological monitoring. Importantly, this example showcases how close collaboration between fishers, resource managers, scientists, and non‐governmental organization (NGOs) is critical for designing, implementing, and learning from conservation and management interventions to reverse marine population and ecosystem decline, reinforcing the legacy of Dr. Pete Peterson's life work on fully integrating ecology with marine management and restoration.