A transferrin receptor's guide to African trypanosomes.
A transferrin receptor's guide to African trypanosomes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tcsw.2023.100100
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发表时间:
2023-12
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gadelha, Catarina
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Urbaniak, Michael D.;Gadelha, Catarina
Mammals limit the availability of the essential element iron by sequestering it within the major serum glycoprotein transferrin (Tf). This is part of a strategy of immune defence against invading pathogens termed nutritional immunity. African trypanosomes have, however, evolved the means to steal iron from the mammalian bloodstream. A hallmark of the disease caused by these organisms (in particular the species Trypanosoma brucei, T. congolense and T. vivax) is anaemia and weight loss in a range of wild and domestic animals including cattle, sheep and goats. T. brucei and T. congolense have evolved a unique high-affinity transferrin receptor (TfR) that allows them to obtain iron through receptor-mediated endocytosis of host Tf (Steverding et al., 1995). In contrast, the T. vivax genome appears to lack identifiable TfR orthologues (Jackson et al., 2013). T. brucei is, in addition, able to sense and respond to iron starvation conditions through a yet undefined post-transcriptional mechanism important for its survival and virulence (Benz et al., 2018, Fast et al., 1999, Mußmann et al., 2003, Steverding et al., 1995), but it remains unclear if a similar mechanism is present in T. congolense.In this Surface Features article, we briefly discuss what is currently known about transferrin receptor-mediated iron uptake in African trypanosomes, and raise some of the remaining unanswered questions in the field.
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