Antioxidant, antiapoptotic, antigenotoxic, and hepatic ameliorative effects of L-carnitine and selenium on cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and alterations in liver cell structure in male mice
Antioxidant, antiapoptotic, antigenotoxic, and hepatic ameliorative effects of L-carnitine and selenium on cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and alterations in liver cell structure in male mice
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.02.041
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发表时间：
2019-05-30
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Al-Harthi, Wed A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abu-El-Zahab, Helal S. H.;Hamza, Reham Z.;Al-Harthi, Wed A.
L-肉碱（LC）和硒（Se）对多种组织具有显著的保护和抗氧化作用。镉（Cd），广泛用于一些行业和化石燃料排放，是一种重金属，具有许多副作用，包括肝毒性。本研究旨在评估LC和SeCl 4对氯化镉（CdCl 2）诱导的肝毒性的改善作用。将70只雄性小鼠分为7组：对照组、CdCl 2组、LC组、SeCl 4组、CdCl 2 + SeCl 4组、CdCl 2 + LC组、CdCl 2 + SeCl 4组和LC组。检查肝转氨酶（天冬氨酸转氨酶[AST]和丙氨酸转氨酶[ALT]）活性和肿瘤坏死因子-α [TNF-α]水平，以及抗氧化生物标志物（超氧化物歧化酶[SOD]、谷胱甘肽还原酶[GRx]、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶[GST]和过氧化氢酶[CAT]）。组织学和透射电子显微镜[TEM]的变化，在肝脏被用来作为肝损伤的指标后，管理的氯化镉-单独或氯化镉与LC，SeCl 4，或两者兼而有之。CdCl 2的遗传毒性效应也进行了评估，并研究了SeCl 4和/或LC对抗氧化酶表达的可能作用。结果表明，LC和SeCl 4的管理减少CdCl 2诱导的ALT和AST水平的升高，并将氧化应激降低到正常水平。此外，与CdCl 2处理组相比，LC与SeCl 4联合处理具有高度的协同效应，显著提高了酶抗氧化剂的水平，降低了脂质过氧化水平。从数据中可以清楚地看出，LC和SeCl 4都抑制了小鼠的肝损伤并改善了氧化还原状态。
L-carnitine (LC) and selenium (Se) have significant protective and antioxidant effects on several tissues. Cadmium (Cd), widely used in some industries and emitted from fossil fuels, is a heavy metal having a number of side effects, including hepatotoxicity. This study aims to assess the ameliorative function of both LC and SeCl4 on cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-induced liver toxicity. In total, 70 male mice included in this study were allocated to seven groups: control, CdCl2, LC, SeCl4, CdCl2 plus SeCl4, CdCl2 plus LC, CdCl2 plus SeCl4 and LC groups. Hepatic aminotransferase (aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and alanine transaminase [ALT]) activity and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] levels, as well as the antioxidant biomarkers (superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione reductase [GRx], glutathione-S-transferase [GST] and catalase [CAT], were examined. Histological and transmission electron microscopic [TEM] variations in the liver were used as indicators of liver damage after the administration of CdCl2-alone or CdCl2 with LC, SeCl4, or both. Genotoxic effects of CdCl2 were also evaluated and the possible roles of SeCl4 and/or LC on the expression of the antioxidant enzymes were studied. Results showed that administration of LC and SeCl4 decreased CdCl2-induced increase in ALT and AST levels and reduced oxidative stress to normal levels. In addition, LC combined with SeCl4 had a highly synergistic effect and elevated significantly the enzymatic antioxidants and decreased lipid peroxidation levels compared with those in the CdCl2-treated group. It is clear from the data that both LC and SeCl4 inhibit liver injury and improve the redox state in mice.