Neutralization of local tissue damage induced by Bothrops asper (terciopelo) snake venom
Neutralization of local tissue damage induced by Bothrops asper (terciopelo) snake venom
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DOI：
10.1016/s0041-0101(98)00145-7
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发表时间：
1998-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Chaves, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gutiérrez, JM;León, G;Chaves, F
局部组织损伤代表了Bothrops asper envenomations的严重后果。它包括一系列复杂的改变，包括肌坏死、皮肤坏死、出血和水肿。由于其发展迅速，很难被抗蛇毒血清中和，特别是如果血清治疗延迟。用这种毒液和哥斯达黎加生产的多价（响尾蛇亚科）抗蛇毒血清进行的实验研究表明，在注射前与毒液孵育时，抗蛇毒血清可有效中和这些毒性活性。然而，如果将蛇毒和抗蛇毒血清单独注射到小鼠体内，这些作用只能部分中和。此外，即使在注射毒液之前血液循环中存在同源或异源抗体，中和作用也不完全。尽管马全IgG和F（ab '）（2）抗蛇毒血清的药代动力学特征存在差异，但它们在中和B诱导的水肿、出血和肌坏死方面显示出相似的疗效。这表明使用由抗体片段制成的抗蛇毒血清可能不会提高这些作用的中和作用。这至少部分是由于毒液成分破坏微血管有利于受影响组织中类似的抗体浓度。最近的进展，在发展中的中和物质的快速扩散，可以在本地注入举行，可能有助于金属蛋白酶和磷脂酶A的中和（2）此外，快速管理的抗蛇毒血清与高抗体滴度对本地发挥作用的毒素是非常重要的，在治疗这些影响。(C)1998爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Local tissue damage represents a serious consequence of Bothrops asper envenomations. It encompasses a complex series of alterations, including myonecrosis, dermonecrosis, hemorrhage and edema. Due to its rapid development it is difficult to neutralize by antivenoms, especially if there is a delay in serotherapy. Experimental studies with this venom and the polyvalent (Crotalinae) antivenom produced in Costa Rica indicate that antivenom is effective in neutralizing these toxic activities when incubated with the venom prior to injection. However, if venom and antivenom are injected independently in mice, neutralization of these effects is only partial. Moreover, neutralization is not complete even if homologous or heterologous antibodies are present in the circulation before venom is injected. Despite differences in their pharmacokinetic profiles, equine whole IgG and F(ab')(2) antivenoms show similar efficacy in the neutralization of edema, hemorrhage and myonecrosis induced by B. asper venom, suggesting that the use of antivenoms made of antibody fragments may not improve neutralization of these effects. This is due, at least in part, to the fact that microvessel disruption by Venom components favors a similar antibody concentration in the affected tissues. Recent advances in the development of neutralizing substances of rapid diffusion, that could be injected locally in the held, may contribute to the neutralization of metalloproteinases and phospholipases A(2) In addition, the rapid administration of antivenoms with high antibody titers against locally-acting toxins is very important in the treatment of these effects. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.