Studies on White Belly Rice Kernel : III. Effect of ripening conditions on occurrence of white belly kernel
Studies on White Belly Rice Kernel : III. Effect of ripening conditions on occurrence of white belly kernel
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白肚米仁的研究：三．
DOI：
10.1626/jcs.44.86
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发表时间：
1975
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Ebata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Tashiro;M. Ebata
这些研究旨在阐明白色腹仁胚乳腹侧有不透明部分的特性。本试验通过不同时期剪叶、剪分支、遮荫和温度处理，研究了成熟条件对白色腹粒发生的影响。试验材料为粳稻品种Norin-8和Kinmaze，籼稻品种Kosen和Te-Tep。获得了以下结果。1.剪叶处理提高了白色腹和不熟粒的发生率，降低了完好粒的发生率。白色腹粒的出现更频繁地发生在消除的旗叶和下叶比仅消除一个旗叶。2.分支修剪处理使白色腹和不熟粒的发生减少，使好粒的发生增加。3.追氮处理降低了白色籽粒和不熟籽粒的发生率，提高了完整籽粒的发生率。追氮处理对下部枝梗白色腹粒的发生比上部枝梗更有效。增加追肥量（0 ~ 1.2gN/盆）可减少白色腹粒的发生。4.成熟初期遮光处理可有效减少白色腹和不良成熟籽粒的发生。虽然后期遮光处理增加了白色腹和不熟籽粒的发生。5.高温处理促进了白色腹和不熟籽粒的发生，而低温处理则减少了白色腹和不熟籽粒的发生。白色腹粒的出现与不熟粒的出现趋于平行，但不熟粒的胚乳组织中有不同的不透明部分。营养供应充足、成熟期延长可减少白色腹粒的发生，而营养供应不足、成熟期缩短可促进白色腹粒的发生。从这些结果可以看出，白色腹粒的出现主要受后期成熟活性或粒的持久性的影响，即，开花后20至30天
These studies in series were devoted to clarify the characteristics of white belly kernel which had an opaque part at the ventral portion of its endosperm. In this experiment, leaf cutting, branch trimming, shading and temperature treatments at various stages were conducted to manifest the effects of ripening conditions on the occurrence of white belly kernel. The experimental materials used were Norin-8 and Kinmaze of Japonica type variety and Kosen and Te-Tep of Indica type variety. The following results were obtained. 1. By leaf cutting treatments, the occurrence of white belly and ill ripening kernels was enhanced, but that of perfect kernels was reduced. The appearance of white belly kernels was more frequently occurred by the elimination of both a flag and a subjacent leaf than by the elimination of only a flag leaf. 2. Branch trimming treatments made the occurrence of white belly and ill ripening kernels decrease and made the occurrence of perfect kernels increase. 3. Decrease in the occurrence of white belly and ill ripening kernels and increase in the occurrence of perfect kernels were brought about by nitrogen top-dressing treatments. Nitrogen top-dressing treatments were more effective for the occurrence of white belly kernels in lower branches than that in upper branches. The occurrence of white belly kernels was reduced by increasing contents of top-dressing treat-ments (from O to 1.2g N/pot). 4. Shading treatments at the early ripening stages were effective for the reduction of the occurrence of white belly and ill ripening kernels. Although shading treatments at the latter stages enhanced the occurrence of white belly and ill ripening kernels. 5. The occurrence of white belly and ill ripening kernels was stimulated by high temperature treatments, whereas that of white belly and ill ripening kernels was reduced by low temperature treatments. The occurrence of white belly kernels tended to pararell with that of ill ripening kernels, which had different opaque parts in their endosperm tissues. The occurrence of white belly kernels decreased when rice grains were sufficiently supplied with nutrition and the duration of ripening was prolonged, while the insufficient supbly of nutrition to rice grains and the reduction of ripening period stimulated the occurrence of white belly kernels. From these results, it might be appeared that the occurrence of white belly kernels was mainly influenced by the durability of ripening activity or kernels in the latter stages, i.e., 20 to 30 days after flowering