Principles of gene regulation quantitatively connect DNA to RNA and proteins in bacteria.

Principles of gene regulation quantitatively connect DNA to RNA and proteins in bacteria.
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基因调控原理定量地将细菌中的 DNA 与 RNA 和蛋白质连接起来。

DOI:
10.1126/science.abk2066
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发表时间:
2022-12-09
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Hwa T
Hwa T
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Balakrishnan R;Mori M;Segota I;Zhang Z;Aebersold R;Ludwig C;Hwa T

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蛋白质浓度是由基因特有的调控过程和系统因素(包括细胞体积和共享的基因表达机制)之间的复杂相互作用决定的。阐明这种相互作用对于识别和设计基因调控系统至关重要。我们在多种条件下对影响大肠杆菌全基因组转录和翻译的基因特异性和系统性因素进行了定量表征。结果揭示了两个设计原则,使基因表达的调节与共享机制的浓度无关:RNA聚合酶活性被微调以匹配翻译输出,以及大多数mRNAs的翻译特征相似。因此,在细菌中,蛋白质浓度主要设定在启动子水平。一个简单的数学公式将启动子活性和生长条件下的蛋白质浓度联系起来,从而能够从组学数据中定量推断基因调控。协调的转录-翻译通量和转录控制的优势导致了细菌中央Dogma的定量表达。
Protein concentrations are set by a complex interplay between gene-specific regulatory processes and systemic factors, including cell volume and shared gene expression machineries. Elucidating this interplay is crucial for discerning and designing gene regulatory systems. We quantitatively characterized gene-specific and systemic factors affecting transcription and translation genome-wide for E. coli across many conditions. The results revealed two design principles that make regulation of gene expression insulated from concentrations of shared machineries: RNA polymerase activity is fine-tuned to match translational output, and translational characteristics are similar across the majority of mRNAs. Consequently, in bacteria protein concentration is set primarily at the promoter level. A simple mathematical formula relates promoter activities and protein concentrations across growth conditions, enabling quantitative inference of gene regulation from ‘omics data. Coordinated transcription-translation fluxes and predominance of transcriptional control lead to a quantitative formulation of the Central Dogma in bacteria.
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