An integrative approach to the biomechanical function and neuromuscular control of the fingers
An integrative approach to the biomechanical function and neuromuscular control of the fingers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.04.006
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发表时间：
2005-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Valero-Cuevas, FJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Valero-Cuevas, FJ
人类手的精致机械功能和多功能性源于复杂的神经-肌肉-骨骼相互作用，而这些作用尚未完全被理解。我发现，在理论/实验范式中工作是有用的，该范式概述了基本的神经-肌肉-骨骼组成部分及其相互作用。在这个整合的范式中，力学定律、操作任务的规范和感觉运动信号定义了手解剖、神经系统和操作功能之间的相互作用。因此，我们的合作研究活动强调手指功能力学的坚实基础，坚持解剖细节，并对肌肉活动进行细致的表征。本文概述了我们在精确捏合(即产生和控制指尖力量的能力)方面的工作，围绕三个研究主题介绍了我们的一些发现：基于力学的操纵能力量化；解剖上逼真的肌肉骨骼手指模型；以及手指肌肉的神经控制。我的结论是：(I)将手指驱动到一定的感觉运动能力极限有助于阐明运动控制策略；(Ii)伸肌机构中肌腱从屈肌到伸肌的交叉是产生各个方向的力所必需的；(Iii)多关节肌肉的解剖路线使许多任务中不可避免地存在共同收缩。此外，创建逼真和临床有用的手指模型仍然需要开发新的计算方法来模拟伸肌机构的粘弹性肌腱网络，以及复杂关节中的肌肉-骨-韧带相互作用。建立在这种神经肌肉生物力学范式的基础上具有巨大的临床意义：它将有助于临床治疗的发展，以保持和恢复患有神经和骨科疾病的人的手动能力。这一认识还将推动机械手的设计和控制，其性能远远落后于生物同行。(C)2004爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
The exquisite mechanical functionality and versatility of the human hand emerges from complex neuro-musculo-skeletal interactions that are not completely understood. I have found it useful to work within a theoretical/experimental paradigm that outlines the fundamental neuro-musculo-skeletal components and their interactions. In this integrative paradigm, the laws of mechanics, the specifications of the manipulation task, and the sensorimotor signals define the interactions among hand anatomy, the nervous system, and manipulation function. Thus, our collaborative research activities emphasize a firm grounding in the mechanics of finger function, insistence on anatomical detail, and meticulous characterization of muscle activity. This overview of our work on precision pinch (i.e., the ability to produce and control fingertip forces) presents some of our findings around three Research Themes: Mechanics-based quantification of manipulation ability; Anatomically realistic musculoskeletal finger models; and Neural control of finger muscles. I conclude that (i) driving the fingers to some limit of sensorimotor performance is instrumental to elucidating motor control strategies; (ii) that the cross-over of tendons from flexors to extensors in the extensor mechanism is needed to produce force in every direction, and (iii) the anatomical routing of multiarticular muscles makes co-contraction unavoidable for many tasks. Moreover, creating realistic and clinically useful finger models still requires developing new computational means to simulate the viscoelastic tendinous networks of the extensor mechanism, and the muscle-bone-ligament interactions in complex articulations. Building upon this neuromuscular biomechanics paradigm is of immense clinical relevance: it will be instrumental to the development of clinical treatments to preserve and restore manual ability in people suffering from neurological and orthopedic conditions. This understanding will also advance the design and control of robotic hands whose performance lags far behind that of their biological counterparts. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.