Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis: recommendations for vaccine use and other preventive measures. Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory committee (ACIP).
Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis: recommendations for vaccine use and other preventive measures. Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory committee (ACIP).
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DOI：
10.1037/e546412006-001
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发表时间：
1991
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免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）关于白喉、破伤风和百日咳声明的修订版更新了1985年发布的声明，并纳入了1987年的补充声明，其中涉及两个问题：a）百日咳疫苗对有惊厥家族史的婴儿和儿童的风险和益处;和B）在有惊厥个人或家族史的儿童中，退热剂与白喉和破伤风类毒素以及百日咳疫苗吸收（DTP）接种联合使用（1，2）。这份文件提出了新的建议，流行病学调查和管理接触白喉病人。更新的建议包括审查这三种疾病的流行病学，并说明现有的免疫生物制剂和适当的疫苗接种时间表。还包括a）关于接受DTP与发生严重急性神经系统疾病和永久性脑损伤之间可能关系的新信息和重新评估，B）关于百日咳疫苗使用注意事项和禁忌症建议的修订，以及c）关于百日咳患者家庭和其他密切接触者化学预防建议的修订。委员会在作出这些建议时，已审阅及考虑香港医学研究所最近发表的题为《百日咳及德国麻疹疫苗的不良影响》的报告。
This revision of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) statement on diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis updates the statement issued in 1985, and incorporates the 1987 supplementary statement, which addressed two issues: a) the risks and benefits of pertussis vaccine for infants and children with family histories of convulsions; and b) antipyretic use in conjunction with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine absorbed (DTP) vaccination among children with personal or family histories of convulsions (1,2). This document presents new recommendations for epidemiologic investigation and management of contacts of diphtheria patients. The updated recommendations include a review of the epidemiology of the three diseases and descriptions of the available immunobiologic preparations with appropriate vaccination schedules. Also included are a) new information on and reassessment of the possible relation between receipt of DTP and the occurrence of serious acute neurologic illness and permanent brain damage, b) revisions in the recommendations on precautions for and contraindications to pertussis vaccine use, and c) revisions on recommendations for chemoprophylaxis for household and other close contacts of pertussis patients. The Committee has reviewed and taken into consideration the recent report by the Institute of Medicine entitled, "Adverse Effects of Pertussis and Rubella Vaccines" in making these recommendations.