Status of bovine tuberculosis in Addis Ababa dairy farms
Status of bovine tuberculosis in Addis Ababa dairy farms
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DOI：
10.20506/rst.27.3.1850
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Gebeyehu, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elias, K.;Hussein, D.;Gebeyehu, M.
这项研究是通过对106个农场的1869头牛进行皮内结核菌素比较试验来确定埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴牛结核病的状况。还收集了流行病学信息，考虑了其流行病学意义和当地畜牧业特点。此外，从结核菌素反应器中收集牛奶样品进行分枝杆菌分离和鉴定。采用卡方统计、简单回归和多元逐步logistic回归对数据进行分析。在所调查的106个养殖场中，46个（95%可信区间[CI]: 33.8%至53.4%）包含比较皮肤试验反应器。在1869只动物中，443只（95% CI: 21.8%至25.7%）是比较皮肤试验反应器。此外，约8.5%的结核菌素敏感奶牛（141头样本中的12头）在牛奶中分泌抗酸细菌。文中对这些微生物作了更详细的描述。确定可能增加亚的斯亚贝巴牛结核病风险的因素是畜群规模（大畜群）、养殖（住房）条件（差）和年龄（老年动物）。同样，随着身体状况评分从差到中再到好，阳性结果的可能性显著降低（OR = 0.54; p < 0.01）。其他因素包括动物的品种、性别和生理状态似乎对结核菌素敏感性没有显著影响。研究发现，大型和集约化管理（通常管理不善）的牛群患牛结核病的风险更大，这表明，在亚的斯亚贝巴，牛结核病的重要性正在增加，同时奶制品业务也在增加。如果不及时采取措施，对经济和公共卫生的影响可能是巨大的。
The study was conducted to determine the status of bovine tuberculosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, by a comparative intradermal tuberculin test of 1,869 animals in 106 farms. Epidemiological information was also collected, taking into account factors chosen for their epidemiological significance and local livestock husbandry characteristics. In addition, milk samples were collected from tuberculin reactors for mycobacterial isolation and characterisation. Chi-square statistic, simple regression and multiple stepwise logistic regression were used to analyse the data. Of the 106 farms examined, 46 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 33.8% to 53.4%) contained comparative skin test reactors. Of the 1,869 animals, 443 (95% CI: 21.8% to 25.7%) were comparative skin test reactors. Furthermore, about 8.5% of tuberculin sensitive cows (12 of a sample of 141) secreted acid-fast bacteria in their milk. The microbes are described in more detail in the paper. Factors identified as possibly increasing the risk of bovine tuberculosis in Addis Ababa were herd size (large herd), farming (housing) condition (poor), and age (older animals). Similarly, as body condition scores improved from poor to medium and then to good, the likelihood of positive results significantly decreased (OR = 0.54; p < 0.01). Other factors including breed, sex, and physiological status of animals did not seem to significantly contribute to tuberculin sensitivity. The finding that large-size and intensively (often poorly) managed herds were at greater risk of bovine tuberculosis suggests that the significance of bovine tuberculosis is increasing in Addis Ababa parallel to an increasing dairy operation. If measures are not taken promptly, the impact on the economy and public health could be enormous.