TROPANE ALKALOID PRODUCTION IN HYOSCYAMUS ROOT CULTURES
TROPANE ALKALOID PRODUCTION IN HYOSCYAMUS ROOT CULTURES
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DOI：
10.1016/s0176-1617(86)80178-x
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发表时间：
1986-01-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
YAMADA, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HASHIMOTO, T;YUKIMUNE, Y;YAMADA, Y
对7种天仙子属（Hyoscyamus）植物[白茎天仙子（H. albus）、黑莨菪（H. niger）、吉奥尔菲天仙子（H. gyorffi）、小天仙子（H. pusillus）、波希米亚天仙子（H. bohemicus）、加那利天仙子（H. canariensis）、埃及天仙子（H. muticus）]的愈伤组织和根培养物中的托烷生物碱生产进行了研究。培养的根在不添加生长调节剂的情况下生长良好（8天内增长2到6倍）。这些根中的莨菪碱含量从干重的0.04%到超过1.1%不等，东莨菪碱含量从干重的0.06%到0.3%不等，这取决于植物种类。愈伤组织生长缓慢（4周内增长2到7倍），且生物碱含量比相应的根培养物低得多。莨菪碱是所有愈伤组织培养物中的主要生物碱。在不同培养条件下研究了黑莨菪和白茎天仙子根培养物中的生物碱生产。当根在不含生长调节剂的培养基中培养时，黑莨菪中产生的主要生物碱是东莨菪碱（干重0.2%），白茎天仙子中是莨菪碱（干重0.5%到1.2%）。在白茎天仙子根培养物中，发现生长与莨菪碱含量之间呈反比关系。生长素，特别是10⁻⁶M到10⁻⁴M的吲哚丁酸，刺激根培养物的生长，同时伴随着侧根诱导增加。然而，随着生长素浓度增加，生物碱生物合成受到抑制。在黑莨菪根培养物中，生长素对东莨菪碱形成的抑制比对莨菪碱形成的抑制更强。生长素对生长和生物碱生物合成的这些影响在曼陀罗、颠茄和澳茄的根培养物中得到了证实。还研究了其他生长调节剂和几种基本培养基的影响。
Tropane alkaloid production was studied in callus and root cultures of seven Hyoscyamus species. [H. albus, H. niger, H. gyorffi, H. pusillus, H. bohemicus, H. canariensis, H. muticus]. Cultured roots grew well (2- to 6-fold in 8 days) without addition of growth regulators. Hyoscyamine content in these roots varied from 0.04% DW to more than 1.1% DW, and scopolamine content from 0.06% DW to 0.3% DW, depending on the plant species. Calli grew slowly (2- to 7-fold in 4 weeks) and had much lower alkaloid content than their respective root cultures. Hyoscyamine was the main alkaloid in all callus cultures. Alkaloid production in root cultures of H. niger and H. albus was studied under various culture conditions. When roots were cultured in medium without growth regulators, the main alkaloids produced were scopolamine (0.2% DW) in H. niger and hyoscyamine (0.5 to 1.2% DW) in H. albus. In H. albus root cultures, an inverse relationship between growth and hyoscyamine content was found. Auxin, especially IBA at 10-6 M to 10-4 M, stimulated growth of the root cultures, which was accompanied by increased lateral root induction. Alkaloid biosynthesis, however, was inhibited as auxin concentration increased. In H. niger root culture, scopolamine formation was inhibited by auxin more strongly than hyoscyamine formation. These effects of auxin on growth and alkaloid biosynthesis were confirmed in Datura, Atropa and Duboisia root cultures. Effects of other growth regulators and several basal media were also examined.