Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults - A randomized controlled trial
Effects of cognitive training interventions with older adults - A randomized controlled trial
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.288.18.2271
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发表时间：
2002-11-13
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Willis, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ball, K;Berch, DB;Willis, SL
背景
老年人的认知功能与独立生活和护理需求相关。然而，很少有研究探讨改善认知功能是否会对独立生活相关活动产生短期或长期影响。
目的
评估3种认知训练干预措施是否能提高独立生活的老年人的心智能力和日常功能。
设计
随机、对照、单盲试验，于1998年3月至1999年10月招募受试者，并进行至2001年12月的2年随访。
地点和参与者
从美国6个大都市地区的老年公寓、社区中心以及医院/诊所招募的2832名65岁至94岁的志愿者样本。
干预措施
参与者被随机分配到4组中的1组：10次课程的记忆（言语情景记忆；n = 711）小组训练，或推理（解决按系列模式出现的问题的能力；n = 705）小组训练，或信息处理速度（视觉搜索和识别；n = 712）小组训练；或无接触对照组（n = 704）。对于3个治疗组，11个月后对60%的随机样本提供4次强化训练。
主要结局指标
认知功能和对认知有要求的日常功能。
结果
30名参与者被错误随机分组，被排除在分析之外。与基线相比，每种干预措施都提高了目标认知能力，且这种效果持续到2年（P
（最后一个单词“P”可能是文档截取不完整，如果还有后续内容，请继续向我提问）
Context Cognitive function in older adults is related to independent living and need for care. However, few studies have addressed whether improving cognitive functions might have short- or long-term effects on activities related to living independently:Objective To evaluate whether 3 cognitive training interventions improve mental abilities and daily functioning in older, independent-living adults.Design Randomized, controlled, single-blind trial with recruitment conducted from March 1998 to October 1999 and 2-year follow-up through December 2001.Setting and Participants Volunteer sample of 2832 persons aged 65 to 94 years recruited from senior housing, community centers, and hospital/clinics in 6 metropolitan areas in the United States.Interventions Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 groups: 10-session group training for memory (verbal episodic memory; n=711), or reasoning (ability to solve problems that follow a serial pattern; n=705), or speed of processing (visual search and identification; n=712); or a no-contact control group (n=704). For the 3 treatment groups, 4-session booster training was offered to a 60% random sample 11 months later.Main Outcome Measures Cognitive function and cognitively demanding everyday functioning.Results Thirty participants were incorrectly randomized and were excluded from the analysis. Each intervention improved the targeted cognitive ability compared with baseline, durable to 2 years (P