ADAPTIVE CELLULAR INTERACTIONS IN THE IMMUNE-SYSTEM - THE TUNABLE ACTIVATION THRESHOLD AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SUBTHRESHOLD RESPONSES
ADAPTIVE CELLULAR INTERACTIONS IN THE IMMUNE-SYSTEM - THE TUNABLE ACTIVATION THRESHOLD AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SUBTHRESHOLD RESPONSES
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.89.21.10365
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发表时间：
1992-11-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
PAUL, WE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GROSSMAN, Z;PAUL, WE
免疫学家面临的一个主要挑战是解释免疫系统如何调整其对识别抗原的微环境的反应。我们认为淋巴细胞通过调节和更新它们对重复信号的反应性来实现这一点。特别是，体内的细胞无能是一种动态状态，在这种状态下，刻板的激活模式的阈值已经提高。无能与其他形式的细胞活动有关，而不是瘫痪。参与这种阈值下相互作用的细胞参与调节免疫记忆和控制感染等功能。在这种相互作用中，信号的模式被识别和分类，并引起选择性反应。阈值上和阈值下免疫反应分离的强健机制允许淋巴细胞在执行生理功能时利用自身抗原的识别。自我反应在与不受控制的攻击行为分离的地方是允许的。
A major challenge for immunologists is to explain how the immune system adjusts its responses to the microenvironmental context in which antigens are recognized. We propose that lymphocytes achieve this by tuning and updating their responsiveness to recurrent signals. In particular, cellular anergy in vivo is a dynamic state in which the threshold for a stereotypic mode of activation has been elevated. Anergy is associated with other forms of cellular activity, not paralysis. Cells engaged in such subthreshold interactions mediate functions such as maintenance of immunological memory and control of infections. In such interactions, patterns of signals are recognized and classified and evoke selective responses. The robust mechanism proposed for segregation of suprathreshold and subthreshold immune responses allows lymphocytes to use recognition of self-antigens in executing physiological functions. Autoreactivity is allowed where it is dissociated from uncontrolled aggression.