Antifungal Activity of Silver Ions and Nanoparticles on Phytopathogenic Fungi
Antifungal Activity of Silver Ions and Nanoparticles on Phytopathogenic Fungi
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DOI：
10.1094/pdis-93-10-1037
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发表时间：
2009-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Jung, Geunhwa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jo, Young-Ki;Kim, Byung H.;Jung, Geunhwa
离子或纳米颗粒形式的银具有高抗微生物活性，因此广泛用于各种灭菌目的，包括医疗器械材料和水消毒。关于银在植物病害防治中的应用研究相对较少。本研究测试了不同形式的银离子和纳米颗粒对两种植物病原真菌-黑根小斑病菌和稻瘟病菌的抗真菌活性。体外培养皿试验表明，银离子和纳米粒子对这两种病原体的殖民地形成有显著影响。银化合物抑制集落形成50%的有效浓度（EC 50）对于B更高。sorokiniana比M.稻瘟病菌用氯离子中和银离子后，对菌落形成的抑制作用明显减弱。生长室接种试验进一步证实，离子和纳米银显着减少这两种真菌病害多年生黑麦草（多年生黑麦草）。特别地，银离子和纳米颗粒在孢子接种前3小时施用有效地降低了疾病的严重程度，但是当在接种后24小时施用时，它们的功效显著降低。银的体外和植物体内评价表明，银离子和纳米颗粒都影响孢子的菌落形成和植物病原真菌的病害进展。银离子和纳米颗粒的植物体内功效在预防性应用中要大得多，这可能促进银与孢子和芽管的直接接触，并抑制它们的活力。
Silver in ionic or nanoparticle forms has a high antimicrobial activity and is therefore widely used for various sterilization purposes including materials of medical devices and water sanitization. There have been relatively few studies on the applicability of silver to control plant diseases. Various forms of silver ions and nanoparticles were tested in the current study to examine the antifungal activity on two plant-pathogenic fungi, Bipolaris sorokiniana and Magnaporthe grisea. In vitro petri dish assays indicated that silver ions and nanoparticles had a significant effect on the colony formation of these two pathogens. Effective concentrations of the silver compounds inhibiting colony formation by 50% (EC50) were higher for B. sorokiniana than for M. grisea. The inhibitory effect on colony formation significantly diminished after silver cations were neutralized with chloride ions. Growth chamber inoculation assays further confirmed that both ionic and nanoparticle silver significantly reduced these two fungal diseases on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). Particularly, silver ions and nanoparticles effectively reduced disease severity with an application at 3 h before spore inoculation, but their efficacy significantly diminished when applied at 24 h after inoculation. The in vitro and in planta evaluations of silver indicated that both silver ions and nanoparticles influence colony formation of spores and disease progress of plant-pathogenic fungi. In planta efficacy of silver ions and nanoparticles is much greater with preventative application, which may promote the direct contact of silver with spores and germ tubes, and inhibit their viability.