Electrically powered motions of toron crystallites in chiral liquid crystals

Electrically powered motions of toron crystallites in chiral liquid crystals
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手性液晶中托伦微晶的电动运动

DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1922198117
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Smalyukh, Ivan I.
Smalyukh, Ivan I.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sohn, Hayley R. O.;Smalyukh, Ivan I.

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金属的延展性是由外部应力引起的位错等缺陷的动力学如何改变材料特性并使技术应用成为可能的一个例子。然而,这些缺陷的移动仅仅是为了符合宏观尺度上施加的机械力,而分子和原子的构建块表现得像刚性粒子。在这里,我们演示了如何运动的微晶和它们之间的缺陷可以出现在软物质介质中的振荡电场施加到手性液晶与多晶准六方排列的自组装拓扑孤子称为“torons”。垂直于六边形晶格平面的电场的周期性振荡促使孤子的重复剪切变形,从而同步电动自剪切方向。在打开和关闭电压时的变形的时间演化在时间反转时不是不变的,促使准六边形周期性变形晶格内的torons的微晶的横向平移。我们探讨这些运动如何依赖于电压和频率的振荡场施加在一个实验的几何形状类似的液晶显示器。我们研究了软孤子粒子及其阵列的同步变形之间的相互关系,以及随后的动态和巨大的数量波动介导的运动的微晶,5 - 7缺陷对,和晶界有序组织的孤子。我们讨论了我们的研究结果如何可能导致拓扑保护,但高度可变形的粒子状孤子的动态自组装的技术和基础科学应用。
Malleability of metals is an example of how the dynamics of defects like dislocations induced by external stresses alters material properties and enables technological applications. However, these defects move merely to comply with the mechanical forces applied on macroscopic scales, whereas the molecular and atomic building blocks behave like rigid particles. Here, we demonstrate how motions of crystallites and the defects between them can arise within the soft matter medium in an oscillating electric field applied to a chiral liquid crystal with polycrystalline quasi-hexagonal arrangements of self-assembled topological solitons called “torons.” Periodic oscillations of electric field applied perpendicular to the plane of hexagonal lattices prompt repetitive shear-like deformations of the solitons, which synchronize the electrically powered self-shearing directions. The temporal evolution of deformations upon turning voltage on and off is not invariant upon reversal of time, prompting lateral translations of the crystallites of torons within quasi-hexagonal periodically deformed lattices. We probe how these motions depend on voltage and frequency of oscillating field applied in an experimental geometry resembling that of liquid crystal displays. We study the interrelations between synchronized deformations of the soft solitonic particles and their arrays, and the ensuing dynamics and giant number fluctuations mediated by motions of crystallites, five–seven defects pairs, and grain boundaries in the orderly organizations of solitons. We discuss how our findings may lead to technological and fundamental science applications of dynamic self-assemblies of topologically protected but highly deformable particle-like solitons.
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影响因子: 8.6
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作者:
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影响因子: 11.1
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