Wheat Germplasm Screening for Stem Rust Resistance Using Conventional and Molecular Techniques
Wheat Germplasm Screening for Stem Rust Resistance Using Conventional and Molecular Techniques
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DOI：
10.17221/3270-cjgpb
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Typina, L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kokhmetova, A.;Morgounov, A.;Typina, L.
在中亚，茎锈病（锈病）。小麦（Tritici）造成相当大的损害，特别是在雨量充沛的生长季节。Ug99是一种茎锈病，对大多数小麦品种都有毒性。为开发无病种质资源，利用哈萨克斯坦茎锈病优势种筛选小麦材料，并在两个苗圃进行试验；cimmyt -土耳其和肯尼亚Njoro的植物育种站。共有11种致病型。在哈萨克斯坦，从2008-2009年收集的茎锈病样本中鉴定出了小麦锈病。其中病型TDT/H、TPS/H、TTH/K、TKH/R、TKT/C和TFK/R毒力最强。在170个先进的小麦品系中，鉴定出21个CIMMYT品系对5种具有侵略性的哈萨克斯坦稻瘟病型具有抗性。在塔扎、E-19、E-99、E-102、E-572、E-796、E-809（哈萨克斯坦）、Ekinchi（阿塞拜疆）、Dostlik、Ulugbek 600（乌兹别克斯坦）和Umanka（俄罗斯）等11个小麦品种和先进品系中观察到高水平抗性。根据从土耳其- cimmyt和肯尼亚Njoro植物育种站苗圃获得的数据，从13个测试条目中选择了6个既抗茎锈病又抗黄锈病的小麦育种品系和10个对Ug99表现出高抗性和中等抗性的小麦品系。利用与Sr24/Lr24相关的序列标记Sr24#12分子标记，鉴定了7个小麦抗茎锈病种质。这些结果将有助于育种者选择杂交亲本，以便在哈萨克斯坦培育具有理想茎秆锈病抗性的品种，而且还将有助于将抗性基因堆叠到高级育种品系中。
In Central Asia, stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) causes considerable damage, especially during growing seasons with high rainfall. Ug99 is a race of stem rust that is virulent to the majority of wheat varieties. To develop disease-free germplasm, wheat material was screened using the predominant stem rust races of Kazakhstan and tested in two nurseries; CIMMYT-Turkey and the Plant Breeding Station at Njoro, Kenya. A total of 11 pathotypes of P graminis f.sp. tritici were identified in Kazakhstan from the stem rust samples collected in 2008-2009. In particular, pathotypes TDT/H, TPS/H, TTH/K, TKH/R, TKT/C and TFK/R were highly virulent. Of the 170 advanced lines of wheat, 21 CIMMYT lines resistant to 5 aggressive Kazakhstani pathotypes of P graminis were identified. A high level of resistance was observed in 11 wheat cultivars and advanced lines: Taza, E-19, E-99, E-102, E-572, E-796, E-809 (Kazakhstan), Ekinchi (Azerbaijan), Dostlik, Ulugbek 600 (Uzbekistan) and Umanka (Russia). Based on data obtained from Turkey-CIMMYT and the Plant Breeding Station Njoro, Kenya nurseries, out of 13 tested entries, 6 wheat breeding lines which were resistant to both stem and yellow rust and 10 wheat lines which showed high and moderate levels of resistance to Ug99 were selected. Using the sequence tagged site (STS) molecular marker Sr24#12, associated with Sr24/Lr24, seven wheat entries resistant to stem rust were identified. These results will assist breeders in choosing parents for crossing in programmes aimed at developing varieties with desirable levels of stem rust resistance in Kazakhstan and they will also facilitate stacking the resistance genes into advanced breeding lines.