Quantum error correction in a solid-state hybrid spin register
Quantum error correction in a solid-state hybrid spin register
复制标题
固态混合自旋寄存器中的量子纠错
DOI：
10.1038/nature12919
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发表时间：
2014-02-13
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Wrachtrup, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Waldherr, G.;Wang, Y.;Wrachtrup, J.
纠错在经典计算和量子计算中都是非常重要的。由量子比特与其环境的不可避免的相互作用引起的退相干导致退相甚至弛豫。因此，校正伴随的误差是可扩展量子计算的基本要求。虽然算法纠错已经知道了一段时间，实验实现是稀缺的，。在这里，我们展示了在异质固态自旋系统中的量子纠错。我们证明，联合初始化，投影读出和快速本地和非本地门操作都可以在钻石自旋系统中实现，即使在环境条件下。高保真初始化的一个完整的自旋寄存器（99%）和单发读出多个单独的核自旋实现通过使用辅助电子自旋的氮空位缺陷。实现了一种新的非局域门通用我们的电子-核量子寄存器允许三个核自旋的纠缠态的准备，与quantiities超过85%.With这些技术，我们演示了三个量子位的相位翻转错误校正。使用最优控制，所有上述操作都实现了接近容错量子操作所需的性能，从而为大规模量子计算铺平了道路。除了与金刚石自旋系统一起使用外，我们的技术还可用于改善依赖于硅中的磷、量子点、碳化硅或固体中的稀土离子的量子网络的缩放。
Error correction is important in classical and quantum computation. Decoherence caused by the inevitable interaction of quantum bits with their environment leads to dephasing or even relaxation. Correction of the concomitant errors is therefore a fundamental requirement for scalable quantum computation,,,,,,. Although algorithms for error correction have been known for some time, experimental realizations are scarce,,,,,. Here we show quantum error correction in a heterogeneous, solid-state spin system,,,,,,,,,,,,,. We demonstrate that joint initialization, projective readout and fast local and non-local gate operations can all be achieved in diamond spin systems, even under ambient conditions. High-fidelity initialization of a whole spin register (99 per cent) and single-shot readout of multiple individual nuclear spins are achieved by using the ancillary electron spin of a nitrogen–vacancy defect. Implementation of a novel non-local gate generic to our electron–nuclear quantum register allows the preparation of entangled states of three nuclear spins, with fidelities exceeding 85 per cent. With these techniques, we demonstrate three-qubit phase-flip error correction. Using optimal control, all of the above operations achieve fidelities approaching those needed for fault-tolerant quantum operation, thus paving the way to large-scale quantum computation. Besides their use with diamond spin systems, our techniques can be used to improve scaling of quantum networks relying on phosphorus in silicon, quantum dots, silicon carbide or rare-earth ions in solids,.