Personality, self-esteem, and demographic predictions of happiness and depression
Personality, self-esteem, and demographic predictions of happiness and depression
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DOI：
10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00078-8
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Furnham, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cheng, H;Furnham, A
本文探讨了青少年幸福和抑郁的相关性和原因。人格，自尊，“生活的方面”，影响，抑郁和幸福都是通过自我报告和数据探索，通过使用多元回归。在所有234名参与者（平均年龄= 18.23岁）完成了艾森克人格问卷，罗森伯格自尊量表，积极情感，消极情感，情感平衡量表，贝克抑郁量表，牛津幸福量表。结果表明，外向性与积极情感、消极情感、抑郁和幸福感显著相关（r = 0.27，r =-0.22，r =-0.39，r = 0.45; P < 0.01 ~ P < 0.001），神经质与积极情感、消极情感、抑郁、幸福感的相关程度相近（r =-0.24，r = 0.35，r = 0.53，r = -0.43; P < 0.001）。自尊和与父母的关系对幸福感有直接的预测力（β = 0.49，P < 0.001; β = 0.18，P < 0.05）与抑郁症呈负相关（β =-0.39，P < 0.001; β =-0.22，P < 0.01），而外倾性和神经质通过自尊对幸福感和抑郁感有预测作用（β = 0.23，P < 0.01; β =-0.47，P < 0.001）。此外，性别对抑郁症也有直接预测力（β = 0.20，P < 0.01）。分析得出的“路径模型”清楚地表明，与抑郁症相比，幸福感在个性、自尊和人口统计学预测方面存在差异。(C)2002年由Elsevier Science Ltd.出版
This paper examines correlations and causes of happiness and depression among adolescents. Personality, self-esteem, "aspects of life", affect, depression, and happiness were all measured by self-report and the data explored through using multiple regression. In all 234 participants (mean age = 18.23 years) completed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, Positive Affect; Negative Affect; and Affect Balance Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Oxford Happiness Inventory. Results indicated that extraversion was significantly correlated with positive affect, negative affect, depression, and happiness (r = 0.27, r = -0.22, r = -0.39, r = 0.45; P < 0.01 to P < 0.001) and neuroticism significantly correlated with positive affect, negative affect, depression, and happiness to a similar degree (r = -0.24, r = 0.35, r = 0.53, r = -0.43; P < 0.001). Self-esteem and relationship with parents had a direct predictive power on happiness (beta = 0.49, P < 0.001; beta = 0.18, P < 0.05) and the opposite relationship with depression (beta = -0.39, P < 0.001; beta = -0.22, P < 0.01) whereas extraversion and neuroticism predicted happiness and depression mediating through self-esteem (beta = 0.23, P < 0.01; beta = -0.47, P < 0.001). Further, for depression, sex also showed direct predictive power (beta = 0.20, P < 0.01). The "path model" which resulted from the analysis showed clearly the differences in the personality, self-esteem, and demographic predictions of happiness as opposed to depression. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.