Interpersonal problem-solving in male and female alcoholics.
Interpersonal problem-solving in male and female alcoholics.
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男性和女性酗酒者的人际问题解决。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.1992.tb00661.x
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Parsons,OA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nixon,SJ;Tivis,R;Parsons,OA
这项研究比较了酗酒者(18名男性，16名女性)和社区对照组(15名男性，12名女性)在适应技能成套测验(ASB)上的表现，ASB是一种人际解决问题的测试。ASB由30种情况组成。15种情况需要受试者的典型反应，15种情况需要他们的最佳反应。男性和女性酗酒者在典型反应上低于对照组[F(1，57)=45.22，p=0.0001]，但在最佳反应上没有差异(F<；1)。进一步的分析表明，自我效能感的下降不能解释酒精缺乏的原因。在最佳反应条件下，女性优于男性[F(1，56)=9.90，p=0.003]。未发现显著的群×性交互作用。在ASB上的表现与在传统的问题解决措施上的表现没有相关性。事后的相关分析显示，酗酒者和对照组的抑郁评分和表现之间存在差异。这些数据表明，(1)女性和男性酗酒者表现出相似的人际问题解决缺陷，(2)酒精自我效能预期不能解释这种损害，(3)ASB似乎评估了未被典型检验的问题解决方面，以及(4)抑郁在酒精表现中的作用值得继续进行实证评估。
This study compared the performance of alcoholics (18 male, 16 female) with community controls (15 male, 12 female) on the Adaptive Skills Battery (ASB), a test ofinterpersonalproblem‐solving. The ASB consists of 30 situations. Fifteen situations require subjects' typical responses and 15, their optimal responses. Male and female alcoholics were inferior to controls in their typical responses [F(1,57) = 45.22,p= 0.0001], but did not differ on the optimal responses (F< 1). Further analyses indicated that decreased feelings of self‐efficacy could not account for the alcoholic deficit. Females were superior to males in the optimal response condition [(F(1,56) = 9.90,p= 0.003]. No significant group × sex interactions were obtained. Performance on the ASB was not correlated with performance on traditional measures of problem‐solving. Post‐hoc correlational analyses revealed differential patterns between depression scores and performance for alcoholics and controls. These data suggest that (1) female and male alcoholics exhibit similar interpersonal problem solving deficits, (2) alcoholic self‐efficacy expectancies cannot account for the impairment, (3) the ASB appears to assess aspects of problem‐solving not typically examined, and (4) the role of depression in alcoholic performance deserves continued empirical evaluation.