THE ECOLOGICAL ROLE OF CHEMICAL STIMULI FOR THE ZOOPLANKTON - PREDATOR-INDUCED MORPHOLOGY IN DAPHNIA
THE ECOLOGICAL ROLE OF CHEMICAL STIMULI FOR THE ZOOPLANKTON - PREDATOR-INDUCED MORPHOLOGY IN DAPHNIA
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00379110
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发表时间：
1989-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
DODSON, SI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DODSON, SI
当代表7个甲壳纲(甲壳纲：枝角类)的8个无性系与3种常见的捕食者进行对比时，捕食者产生了大量的适应性捕食反应。这些捕食者是：4龄幼虫幻影吸虫美洲Chaoborus americanus、成体回游的Notonecta undulata和小型太阳鱼Lepomis macchirus。捕食者被限制在小网袋中，这表明诱导的信号是化学的。诱导的反应包括更长的尾刺，更长的头，更小的身体，更多的卵子，和减少的脂肪储备。每一种水蚤都以独特的方式对三种捕食者做出反应。上述性状的诱导反应没有显著的相关性。这种诱导的形态变化与当前的理论基本一致，即对接触到触觉和视觉捕食者的不同大小的水蚤来说，什么是适应性反应。这些实验中丰富的诱导反应表明，捕食者诱导的反应是淡水浮游动物普遍存在的一种重要的生态学现象。
Numerous adaptive predator-induced responses occurred when eight clones representing seven Daphnia (Crustacea: Cladocera) species were tested against three common predators: fourth instar larval phantom midge Chaoborus americanus, adult backswimmer Notonecta undulata, and small sunfish Lepomis macrochirus. The predators were confined within small mesh bags, suggesting that the signal for induction is chemical. The induced responses included longer tail spine, longer heads, smaller bodies, increased egg clutches, and decreased lipid reserves. Each Daphnia species responded to each of the three predators in a unique manner. Induced responses in the above characters showed no significant association. The induced morphological changes are generally consistent with current theories of what is an adaptive response for the various sizes of Daphnia exposed to tactile and visual predators. The abundance of induced responses in these experiments suggests that predator-induced responses are a widespread and ecological important phenomenon of the freshwater zooplankton.