Animal Models for Influenza Virus Pathogenesis and Transmission.
Animal Models for Influenza Virus Pathogenesis and Transmission.
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DOI：
10.3390/v20801530
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lowen AC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bouvier NM;Lowen AC
人类感染流感病毒可导致严重程度从亚临床感染到可导致死亡的原发性病毒性肺炎不等的呼吸道疾病。感染的临床效果随宿主的暴露史、年龄和免疫状况以及流感毒株的毒力而异。在人类中，该病毒通过气溶胶或传染性呼吸道分泌物的接触传播。正如大多数人畜共患流感病毒感染所证明的那样，并非所有可感染人类的毒株都能够在人与人之间传播。流感动物模型对于旨在了解导致人类流感病毒感染的疾病和传播结果的病毒和宿主因素的研究工作至关重要。这些模型还允许对抗病毒药物和疫苗进行临床前测试，目的是通过改善流感病毒的毒力或传播性来降低人群中的发病率和死亡率。小鼠、雪貂、豚鼠、棉花大鼠、仓鼠和猕猴都被用于研究流感病毒和针对它们的治疗方法。每种模型都有其独特的优点和缺点，本文将对此进行讨论。
Influenza virus infection of humans results in a respiratory disease that ranges in severity from sub-clinical infection to primary viral pneumonia that can result in death. The clinical effects of infection vary with the exposure history, age and immune status of the host, and also the virulence of the influenza strain. In humans, the virus is transmitted through either aerosol or contact-based transfer of infectious respiratory secretions. As is evidenced by most zoonotic influenza virus infections, not all strains that can infect humans are able to transmit from person-to-person. Animal models of influenza are essential to research efforts aimed at understanding the viral and host factors that contribute to the disease and transmission outcomes of influenza virus infection in humans. These models furthermore allow the pre-clinical testing of antiviral drugs and vaccines aimed at reducing morbidity and mortality in the population through amelioration of the virulence or transmissibility of influenza viruses. Mice, ferrets, guinea pigs, cotton rats, hamsters and macaques have all been used to study influenza viruses and therapeutics targeting them. Each model presents unique advantages and disadvantages, which will be discussed herein.