The global potential for converting renewable electricity to negative-CO2-emissions hydrogen
The global potential for converting renewable electricity to negative-CO2-emissions hydrogen
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DOI：
10.1038/s41558-018-0203-0
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
30.7
通讯作者：
Ren, Zhiyong Jason
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rau, Greg H.;Willauer, Heather D.;Ren, Zhiyong Jason
政府间气候变化专门委员会已指定负二氧化碳排放能源在本世纪末实现能源和气候目标方面发挥关键作用，其中生物质能源加碳捕获和封存(BECCS)具有突出的特点。我们估计，将盐水电解与任何非化石燃料发电来源的矿物风化相结合的方法，平均而言可以在同等或更低的成本下，使发电量和二氧化碳脱除量比BECCS提高50倍。这种电化学避免了产生和储存浓缩的二氧化碳的需要，而是转化和隔离二氧化碳作为已经丰富的、长期存在的海洋碱度形式。与BECCS相比，这种能源系统还可以极大地减少对土地和淡水的影响，还可以整合到传统能源生产中，以减少其碳足迹。需要进一步研究，以更好地了解世界负排放方案的全部范围和能力。
The IPCC has assigned a critical role to negative-CO2-emissions energy in meeting energy and climate goals by the end of the century, with biomass energy plus carbon capture and storage (BECCS) prominently featured. We estimate that methods of combining saline water electrolysis with mineral weathering powered by any source of non-fossil fuel-derived electricity could, on average, increase energy generation and CO2 removal by >50 times relative to BECCS, at equivalent or lower cost. This electrogeochemistry avoids the need to produce and store concentrated CO2, instead converting and sequestering CO2 as already abundant, long-lived forms of ocean alkalinity. Such energy systems could also greatly reduce land and freshwater impacts relative to BECCS, and could also be integrated into conventional energy production to reduce its carbon footprint. Further research is needed to better understand the full range and capacity of the world's negative-emissions options.