Physical Aspects of Radiation-Induced Processes on SiO2, γ-Al2O3, Zeolites, and Clays
Physical Aspects of Radiation-Induced Processes on SiO2, γ-Al2O3, Zeolites, and Clays
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DOI：
10.1021/cr020378a
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发表时间：
2005-04
期刊：
影响因子：
62.1
通讯作者：
J. K. Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. K. Thomas
在溶液中的许多分子系统的光物理学、光化学和辐射化学的许多方面有丰富的信息，其中事件现在被描述为从飞秒到环境时间或稳定的产物。在大多数情况下，观察到的辐射诱导化学是由系统的性质决定的，是不可侵犯的。然而，化学可以通过有组织的组装被引导到具有巨大效用的领域。三十多年来，光化学家的目标1 -5一直是模仿自然和设计化学系统，将光化学引导到有用的目的。许多令人兴奋的化学新概念的例子已经开发出来，这有助于太阳能收集设备的成功设计。6.目前正在这一竞技场的研究领域开展进一步的工作。这些对小颗粒或胶体光化学的研究现在都打着纳米化学的旗号。在早期的设计中，利用各种胶束系统来促进水介质中疏水分子的光化学。微粒的界面也被用作分离带电产物的模式。今天，胶体化学领域的建立起了光化学，纳米颗粒合成等的主机7很快就意识到，对有机系统的光解产生的高能化学导致对复合物的破坏性副作用-约翰·克里托马斯于1934年出生在威尔士。1951年至1957年，他就读于英国曼彻斯特大学，获得B学位。1954年获理学学士学位，1955年获哲学博士学位。于1957年他的研究生工作的光和X射线降解的聚合物是监督博士JH Eschendale，一个著名的动力学。1957年至1958年，他在加拿大渥太华的国家研究理事会担任博士后研究员。1958年，他回到英国哈威尔担任科学官员，在那里他开展了辐射诱导表面接枝聚合的工作。1960年，他加入了伊利诺伊州的阿贡国家实验室，在那里他一直呆到1970年。正是在那里，他开发了短脉冲纳秒激光和脉冲辐解技术，这些技术在今天的物理化学中非常流行。用这些技术，他研究了辐射引起的基本化学过程。1970年，他去了圣母大学担任化学教授。1969年，他被授予荣誉科学博士的曼彻斯特大学; 1974年，他被授予研究奖的辐射研究学会;他是一个Gäst教授哈恩迈特纳研究所在柏林于1975年。他被任命为朱利叶斯A。1984年任Nieuwland CSC化学教授。他曾于1993年获得Procter and Gamble Co.赞助的胶体或表面化学奖。他是三百多篇研究论文和评论文章以及ACS专著181“界面激发化学”的作者。本文详细介绍了托马斯博士应用脉冲光化学方法来研究界面反应以及界面本身的性质。托马斯博士已经建立了许多原始的概念，用于这个快速增长的领域的反应，在有组织或约束的介质与其许多应用程序，以储存能量，生物活性物质和催化。他是美国化学学会的会员，皇家化学学会、光生物学学会和辐射研究学会的会员，并曾是该学会的理事会成员。他曾担任《辐射研究杂志》的编辑委员会成员，目前担任《化学研究》的编辑委员会成员。
There is a wealth of information on many aspects of the photophysics, photochemistry, and radiation chemistry of many molecular systems in solution, where events are now described from femtoseconds to ambient time, or stable products. For the most part the observed radiation-induced chemistry is determined by the properties of the system and is inviolate. However, the chemistry may be directed into areas of great utility via organized assemblies. The aim of photochemists for over three decades1-5 has been to mimic nature and design chemical systems that direct the photochemistry to useful ends. Numerous examples of exciting new concepts in chemistry have been developed, and this has contributed to the successful design of solar harvesting devices. 6 Further work is now underway in this arena of research. These studies of small particle or colloid photochemistry are now masquerading under the banner of nanochemistry. In early designs, advantage was taken of various micellar systems to promote the photochemistry of hydrophobic molecules in aqueous media. The interface of the microparticles was also used as a mode of separating charged products. Today the established field of colloid chemistry plays host to photochemistry, synthesis of nanoparticles, etc. 7 It was soon realized that the energetic chemistry produced on photolysis of organic systems led to damaging side effects on the compo-John Kerry Thomas was born in Wales in 1934. He attended the University of Manchester in England from 1951 to 1957, when he obtained a B. Sc. degree in 1954 and a Ph. D. in 1957. His graduate work on the photoand X-ray degradation of polymers was supervised by Dr. JH Baxendale, a notable kineticist. From 1957 to 1958 he was a postdoctoral fellow at the National Research Council in Ottawa, Canada. He returned to Harwell, England, as a Scientific Officer in 1958, where he carried out work on radiation-induced surface graft polymerization. In 1960 he joined the Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois, where he remained until 1970. It was there that he developed the short-pulsed nanosecond laser and pulse radiolysis techniques, which are so popular in physical chemistry today. With these techniques he studied the fundamental chemical processes induced by radiation. In 1970 he went to the University of Notre Dame as a professor of chemistry. In 1969 he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Science by the University of Manchester; in 1974 he was given the research award of the Radiation Research Society; and he was a Gäst Professor at the Hahn Meitner Institute in Berlin in 1975. He was appointed Julius A. Nieuwland CSC Professor of Chemistry in 1984. He has been the recipient of the Award in Colloid or Surface Chemistry sponsored by the Procter and Gamble Co. in 1993. He is the author of over three hundred research papers and review articles and an ACS Monograph 181,“Chemistry of Excitation at Interfaces”. This text describes in some detail Dr. Thomas’s application of pulsed photochemical methods to investigate reactions at interfaces as well as the nature of the interfaces themselves. Dr. Thomas has established many of the original concepts used in this fast growing field of reactions in organized or constrained media with its many applications to storage of energy, biokinetics, and catalysis. He is a member of the American Chemical Society, a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, the Photobiology Society, and the Society for Radiation Research, where has been a member of the council. He has served on the Editorial Board of the Journal for Radiation Research and presently serves on the Editorial Board of Chemical …