Social rank and cortisol among female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).
Social rank and cortisol among female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).
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DOI：
10.3724/sp.j.1141.2013.e02e42
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发表时间：
2013-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dong-dong Qin;Joshua Dominic Rizak;Xiao-li Feng;Xunxun Chu;Shang-chuan Yang;Chunlu Li;Longbao Lv
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文献类型：
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作者：
Dong-dong Qin;Joshua Dominic Rizak;Xiao-li Feng;Xunxun Chu;Shang-chuan Yang;Chunlu Li;Longbao Lv
在动物社会中，一些应激事件可能会导致更高水平的生理压力。这种压力源，如社会等级，也预示着对一系列疾病的易感性增加。然而，社会地位和压力之间的生理关系在不同物种之间是不同的，在同一物种的群体内也是如此。例如，占主导地位的人有时会受到更大的社会压力，而在其他时候，经历这种压力的是从属的人。总而言之，这些变化使评估疾病脆弱性与社会互动有关变得困难。为了更多地了解单一物种群体之间的生理等级关系是如何变化的，我们使用毛发样本的皮质醇测量来评估专制和不那么严格的雌性恒河猴等级群体中优势等级对长期应激水平的影响。在专制群体中，皮质醇水平与社会等级无关，但在不那么严格的等级中，社会等级与皮质醇水平呈负相关。与等级较高的猴子相比，等级较低的猴子在不那么严格的群体中分泌的皮质醇水平更高。这些数据表明，显性等级的严密性的变化是等级相关应激生理的决定因素。进一步考虑非人类灵长类社会系统的多样性及其等级的线性程度，可能有助于发展有效的等级相关应激模型，这将有助于增加我们的理解，并指导与人类社会经济地位相关的疾病的新疗法的发展。
In animal societies, some stressful events can lead to higher levels of physiological stress. Such stressors, like social rank, also predict an increased vulnerability to an array of diseases. However, the physiological relationship between social rank and stress varies between different species, as well as within groups of a single species. For example, dominant individuals are more socially stressed at times, while at other times it is the subordinate ones who experience this stress. Together, these variations make it difficult to assess disease vulnerability as connected to social interactions. In order to learn more about how physiological rank relationships vary between groups of a single species, cortisol measurements from hair samples were used to evaluate the effects of dominance rank on long-term stress levels in despotic and less stringent female rhesus macaque hierarchal groups. In despotic groups, cortisol levels were found not to be correlated with social rank, but a negative correlation was found between social rank and cortisol levels in less stringent hierarchies. Low ranking monkeys in less stringent groups secreted elevated levels of cortisol compared to higher ranking animals. These data suggest that variations in the strictness of the dominance hierarchy are determining factors in rank related stress physiology. The further consideration of nonhuman primate social system diversity and the linear degree of their hierarchies may allow for the development of valid rank-related stress models that will help increase our understanding and guide the development of new therapeutics for diseases related to human socioeconomic status.