Ecological selection as the cause and sexual differentiation as the consequence of species divergence?
Ecological selection as the cause and sexual differentiation as the consequence of species divergence?
复制标题
生态选择是物种分化的原因，性分化是物种分化的结果？
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2012.2236
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Knowles
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Oneal;E. Oneal;L. Knowles
如果不考虑非互斥因素，关于物种形成的关键概念问题就得不到答案。通过基于物种形成理论的测试，我们利用了加勒比蟋蟀 Amphiacusta saintaecrucis 所表现出的岛屿分布和栖息地差异，并通过对不同生态选择、性选择分化和地理隔离的分析，解决了这些不同因素如何相互作用的问题。通过比较一种生态（下颌骨形状）和一种性（男性生殖器形状）特征的中性遗传和形态差异来测试趋异选择后，我们检查生态或性选择是否是驱动种群趋异的主要机制。我们发现，隔离、生态和性选择这三个因素都会导致分化，并且它们的相互作用决定了物种形成过程中达到的完整性阶段，这是通过遗传分化模式来衡量的。此外，尽管Amphiacusta属的生殖器形状具有惊人的多样性，这表明性选择驱动了物种形成，但这里揭示的森林栖息地之间生殖器形状的显着差异意味着生态分歧可能是分歧的主轴。我们的工作强调了物种形成中尚未研究的关键方面——区分分化的原因和结果——并提出了进一步理清自然选择和性选择在推动两栖类物种分化中的作用的途径。
Key conceptual issues about speciation go unanswered without consideration of non-mutually exclusive factors. With tests based on speciation theory, we exploit the island distribution and habitat differences exhibited by the Caribbean cricket Amphiacusta sanctaecrucis, and with an analysis of divergent ecological selection, sexually selected differentiation and geographical isolation, address how these different factors interact. After testing for divergent selection by comparing neutral genetic and morphological divergence in one ecological (mandible shape) and one sexual (male genitalia shape) trait, we examine whether ecological or sexual selection is the primary mechanism driving population divergence. We find that all three factors—isolation, ecological and sexual selection—contribute to divergence, and that their interaction determines the stage of completeness achieved during the speciation process, as measured by patterns of genetic differentiation. Moreover, despite the striking diversity in genitalic shapes across the genus Amphiacusta, which suggests that sexual selection drives speciation, the significant differences in genitalia shape between forest habitats revealed here implies that ecological divergence may be the primary axis of divergence. Our work highlights critical unstudied aspects in speciation—differentiating the cause from the consequence of divergence—and suggests avenues for further disentangling the roles of natural and sexual selection in driving divergence in Amphiacusta.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
D. Houle
通讯作者：
D. Houle