"Water Is Life": Local Perceptions of Paramo Grasslands and Land Management Strategies Associated with Payment for Ecosystem Services
"Water Is Life": Local Perceptions of Paramo Grasslands and Land Management Strategies Associated with Payment for Ecosystem Services
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DOI：
10.1080/24694452.2016.1254020
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Bremer, Leah L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farley, Kathleen A.;Bremer, Leah L.
安第斯帕拉莫草原长期以来一直供养着依赖其作为牲畜饲料的人类，并且越来越多地被认为是具有大量土壤碳储存和高水平生物多样性的重要水源。最近的保护工作利用生态系统服务付费（PES）来激励土地管理，旨在增强与水、碳和生物多样性以及当地生计相关的生态系统服务。然而，评估这些计划的生态和社会成果的数据有限。特别是，需要更好地了解激励性土地管理实践如何影响帕拉莫斯的当地价值和用途。我们对 PES 参与者进行了采访，了解他们对 paramos 的价值以及通过 PES 造林和消除焚烧所激励的管理实践的看法，并将他们与这些实践的生态结果数据联系起来。我们发现，当地对帕拉莫价值观的看法包括供应、监管和文化生态系统服务，支撑基本需求、安全、健康和社会关系。在某些情况下，当地的看法与 PES 生态结果的研究一致，而在其他情况下，PES 参与者的期望不太可能得到满足。我们还发现了两种协同效应的例子，其中PES土地管理加强了现有的帕拉莫价值和权衡，其中现有的效益可能会减少。通过加深对人们如何看待他们从 paramos 中获得的好处以及参与 PES 如何影响这些用途和价值的理解，我们的研究结果有助于将当地的看法与生态科学联系起来，为政策和管理提供信息。
Andean paramo grasslands have long supported human populations that depend on them as forage for livestock and, increasingly, have been recognized as critical water sources with large soil carbon stores and high levels of biodiversity. Recent conservation efforts have used payment for ecosystem services (PES) to incentivize land management that aims to enhance ecosystem services related to water, carbon, and biodiversity, as well as local livelihoods. Data to assess ecological and social outcomes of these programs are limited, however. In particular, a better understanding of how incentivized land management practices affect the local values and uses of paramos is needed. We conducted interviews with PES participants on their perceptions of the value of paramos and of management practices incentivized through PESafforestation and removal of burningand linked them with data on ecological outcomes of those practices. We found that local perceptions of paramo values include provisioning, regulating, and cultural ecosystem services, underpinning basic needs, security, health, and social relations. In some cases, local perceptions align with research on ecological outcomes of PES, whereas in others, expectations of PES participants are unlikely to be met. We also found examples of both synergieswhere PES land management strengthens an existing paramo valueand trade-offs, in which existing benefits might be diminished. By improving understanding of how people perceive the benefits they obtain from paramos and how participation in PES is likely to affect those uses and values, our findings help connect local perceptions with ecological science to inform policy and management.